Inhibition of Phytoplankton and Bacterial Productivity by Solar Radiation in the Ross Sea Polynya

Neale, Patrick J.; Jeffrey, Wade H.; Sobrino, Cristina; Pakulski, J. Dean; Phillips-Kress, Jesse; Baldwin, Amy; Franklin, Linda; Kim, Hae-Cheol

doi:10.5479/si.097884601x.22

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…P. antarctica appears to maximize photosynthetic efficiency under low and moderate irradiance, even though this also increases sensitivity to photodamage under very high irradiance [ Kropuenske et al ., ]. There is evidence that the spring phytoplankton bloom in the Ross Sea is light limited [ Smith et al ., ] and inhibited by near surface irradiance [ Neale et al ., ]. Concurrent incubations in a spectral incubator showed that most of the inhibition was caused by exposure to UV radiation [ Smyth et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concurrent incubations in a spectral incubator showed that most of the inhibition was caused by exposure to UV radiation [ Smyth et al ., ]. Although not the case in 2005 when the field data for this study were collected, the austral spring bloom in the Ross Sea often overlaps with the period of maximum ozone depletion over Antarctica [ Neale et al ., ]. The ozone hole allows for transmission of the most damaging wavelengths in the UV‐B (290–320 nm) range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, estimating in situ P T with the R max model requires light histories that reflect the optical and physical conditions in the RSP at the time the assemblage was assessed. At that time, productivity was high and mixing was deep [ Neale et al ., ]. The euphotic zone was restricted to the upper 20 m and in situ incubations showed reductions in productivity (photoinhibition) in the upper 5 m [ Neale et al ., ] while active fluorometry from the ship showed low quantum efficiency, indicative of recent light stress, below the depth penetrated by inhibitory irradiance [ Neale et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At that time, productivity was high and mixing was deep [ Neale et al ., ]. The euphotic zone was restricted to the upper 20 m and in situ incubations showed reductions in productivity (photoinhibition) in the upper 5 m [ Neale et al ., ] while active fluorometry from the ship showed low quantum efficiency, indicative of recent light stress, below the depth penetrated by inhibitory irradiance [ Neale et al ., ]. This suggests ambient rates of vertical mixing exceeded the rate of recovery from exposure to inhibitory irradiance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying phytoplankton productivity and photoinhibition in the Ross Sea Polynya with large eddy simulation of Langmuir circulation

et al. 2017

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Southern Ocean phytoplankton assemblages acclimated to low‐light environments that result from deep mixing are often sensitive to ultraviolet and high photosynthetically available radiation. In such assemblages, exposures to inhibitory irradiance near the surface result in loss of photosynthetic capacity that is not rapidly recovered and can depress photosynthesis after transport below depths penetrated by inhibitory irradiance. We used a coupled biophysical modeling approach to quantify the reduction in primary productivity due to photoinhibition based upon experiments and observations made during the spring bloom in Ross Sea Polynya (RSP). Large eddy simulation (LES) was used to generate depth trajectories representative of observed Langmuir circulation that were passed through an underwater light field to yield time series of spectral irradiance representative of what phytoplankton would have experienced in situ. These were used to drive an assemblage‐specific photosynthesis‐irradiance model with inhibition determined from a biological weighting function and repair rate estimated from shipboard experiments on the local assemblage. We estimate the daily depth‐integrated productivity was 230 mmol C m−2. This estimate includes a 6–7% reduction in daily depth‐integrated productivity over potential productivity (i.e., effects of photoinhibition excluded). When trajectory depths were fixed (no vertical transport), the reduction in productivity was nearly double. Relative to LES estimates, there was slightly less depth‐integrated photoinhibition with random walk trajectories and nearly twice as much with circular rotations. This suggests it is important to account for turbulence when simulating the effects of vertical mixing on photoinhibition due to the kinetics of photodamage and repair.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying phytoplankton productivity and photoinhibition in the Ross Sea Polynya with large eddy simulation of Langmuir circulation

et al. 2017

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“…It is the site of large numbers of birds, marine mammals, and fi shes and extensive sedimentary deposits of biogenic material, and is presently being impacted by physical forcing external to the region, such as ozone depletion (Neale et al, 1998(Neale et al, , 2009 and climate change (e.g., Vaughan et al, 2003). However, because of its size and remoteness, it is diffi cult to conduct experimental programs to adequately assess the role of various environmental factors on biological processes in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Ocean Primary Productivity: Variability and a View to the Future

Smith¹,

Comiso²

2009

Smithsonian at the Poles : Contributions to International Polar Year Science

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Phytoplankton light absorption and the package effect in relation to photosynthetic and photoprotective pigments in the northern tip of Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2017

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This study investigates the variability in the spectral absorption of phytoplankton in Antarctic waters. A large in situ data set comprising phytoplankton pigments and hyperspectral absorption was measured in the northern tip of Antarctic Peninsula during 2013 and 2014 summers at several depths. A proxy of package effect was estimated from the phytoplankton absorption spectra, independently of chlorophyll a. Variations in the concentration of photosynthetic and photoprotective pigments were discernible by changes in this metric but not in the chlorophyll a specific absorption coefficient of phytoplankton. The fucoxanthin to chlorophyll a ratio correlated positively to package effect due to an increase in cell size of phytoplankton (diatoms) and increasing fucoxanthin content per cell to maximize light harvesting in depth. The package effect was found to covary inversely with photoprotective pigments relative to chlorophyll a, partially due to their contribution to enhance absorption in the blue part of the spectrum. Using a cluster analysis (k‐means algorithm) on the phytoplankton absorption spectra, we illustrate the capacity to identify a regular increase in the degree of package effect. This approach can be useful to classify the phytoplankton assemblages in Antarctic waters according to different degrees of pigment packaging, each one related to a specific pigment composition. Our results demonstrate the potential for this classification at different temporal and spatial scales from ocean color satellite data. This should improve our understanding of deviations in global bio‐optical algorithms when applied to the Southern Ocean.

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Inhibition of Phytoplankton and Bacterial Productivity by Solar Radiation in the Ross Sea Polynya

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Quantifying phytoplankton productivity and photoinhibition in the Ross Sea Polynya with large eddy simulation of Langmuir circulation

Quantifying phytoplankton productivity and photoinhibition in the Ross Sea Polynya with large eddy simulation of Langmuir circulation

Southern Ocean Primary Productivity: Variability and a View to the Future

Phytoplankton light absorption and the package effect in relation to photosynthetic and photoprotective pigments in the northern tip of Antarctic Peninsula

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