Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production by Macrophages in Chromoblastomycosis: A Role for Fonsecaea pedrosoi Melanin

Bocca, Anamélia Lorenzetti; Brito, Patrícia P. M. S.; Figueiredo, Florêncio; Tosta, Carlos Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s11046-005-0228-6

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Wang and Mazza 47) showed that various polyphenolics, compounds structurally similar to melanin, diminished the production of NO in macrophages stimulated with IFN-γ and LPS. Bocca et al 48) also found that treatment of IFN-γ and LPS-stimulated macrophages with melanin, obtained from the fungus Fonsecaea pedrosoi, inhibited NO production. The study performed by Zhang et al 49) on the pigmented cells of the Fonsecaea monophora fungus showed that iNOS expression in activated macrophages decreased after treatment with melanin in a dose-dependent manner, and these results were similar to our results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Inhibition of Nitric Oxide and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> Melanin

Gonçalves

Kitagawa

Raddi

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The naturally occurring pigment, melanin is found in organisms of all phylogenetic kingdoms, including fungi, and exhibits a wide range of biological activities. Our objective was to investigate the effects of melanin extracted from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans on the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in peritoneal macrophages and on the viability of McCoy mouse fibroblasts. The results showed that A. nidulans melanin did not stimulate NO production in macrophages, but it inhibited the NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages by approximately 82%. Similarly, A. nidulans melanin inhibited LPS-stimulated TNF-α production by 52% and showed a slight stimulatory effect on TNF-α production in macrophages. In addition, the toxicity of A. nidulans melanin to McCoy cells was much lesser (IC 50 373.5 2.4 µg/mL) than that of known agents such as cisplatin (IC 50 41.2 µg/mL). The viability of peritoneal macrophages was greater than 90% at the highest melanin concentration tested (100 µg/mL). Thus, the combination of low cytotoxicity and marked inhibition of TNF-α and NO production suggests that A. nidulans melanin has potential as an anti-inflammatory agent and may be used in the future for development of new drugs with therapeutic utility.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Inhibition of Nitric Oxide and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> Melanin

Gonçalves

Kitagawa

Raddi

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…During an inflammatory response, cells of the innate and acquired immune systems release a variety of mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL), and the reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory diseases [112]. [113] reported that treatment of macrophages activated in vitro with melanin from the fungus F. pedrosoi inhibited the production of nitric oxide and Th1 cytokines. The study performed by [114] showed that the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene decreased and lower levels of cytokines, such as IL-12 and TNF-α, were observed when activated macrophages were incubated with melanized cells of the Fonsecaea monophora fungus.…”

Section: Biological Activities Of Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Melanin Pigment by Fungi and Its Biotechnological Applications

Sponchiado¹,

Sousa²,

Andrade³

et al. 2017

Melanin

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Production of the microbial pigments is one of the emerging fields of research due to a growing interest of the industry for safer products, easily degradable and eco-friendly. Fungi constitute a valuable source of pigments because they are capable of producing high yields of the substance in the cheap culture medium, making the bioprocess economically viable on the industrial scale. Some fungal species produce a dark-brown pigment, known as melanin, by oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds, such as glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene (GDHB) or catechol or 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). This pigment has been reported to act as "fungal armor" due to its ability to protect fungi from adverse conditions, neutralizing oxidants generated in response to stress. Apart from the scavenging activity, melanin exhibits other biological activities, including thermoregulatory, radio-and photoprotective, antimicrobial, antiviral, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory. Studies have shown that the media composition and cultivation conditions affect the pigment production in fungi and the manipulation of these parameters can result in an increase in pigment yield for large-scale pigment production. This chapter presents a comprehensive discussion of the research on fungal melanin, including the recently discovered biological activities and the potential use of this pigment for various biotechnological applications in the fields of biomedicine, dermocosmetics, materials science, and nanotechnology.

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“…Bocca et al . reported that melanin present in F. pedrosoi cells inhibits the production of nitric oxide by macrophages [87]. …”

Section: Pathomorphology and Pathophysiology Of Chromoblastomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromoblastomycosis

Krzyściak¹,

Pindycka-Piaszczyńska²,

Piaszczyński³

2014

pdia

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Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The infection usually results from a traumatic injury and inoculation of microorganism from a specific group of dematiaceous fungi (usually Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Cladophialophora carrionii). In the tissues fungi produce characteristic sclerotic cells or muriform cells. Dermal lesions can range from small nodules to large papillary-like eruptions. The disease has been described worldwide but the prevalence is higher in rural populations in countries with a tropical or subtropical climate, such as Madagascar in Africa and Brazil in South America. Diagnostic techniques are based on direct examination, culture and histopathology. Despite a variety of treatment modalities, which include long courses of antifungals, surgical excision and destructive physical therapies, the disease remains one of the most difficult deep mycotic infections to eradicate.

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Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production by Macrophages in Chromoblastomycosis: A Role for Fonsecaea pedrosoi Melanin

Cited by 49 publications

References 44 publications

Inhibition of Nitric Oxide and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> Melanin

Inhibition of Nitric Oxide and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> Melanin

Production of Melanin Pigment by Fungi and Its Biotechnological Applications

Chromoblastomycosis

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