Inhibition of Nicotine-Induced Toxicity by Curcumin and Curcumin Analog: A Comparative Study

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of curcumin and curcumin analog on blood oxidant-antioxidant status during nicotine-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Lung toxicity was induced by subcutaneous injection of nicotine at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight (5 days a week, for 22 weeks). The enhanced circulatory lipid peroxides in nicotine-treated rats was accompanied by a significant decrease in the levels of ascorbic acid, vitamin E, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. There was a reduction in the levels of zinc with an elevation of copper and ferritin in nicotine-treated rats. Administration of curcumin and curcumin analog significantly lowered the lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant status with modulation in the levels of zinc, copper, and ferritin. However, the effect was more significant in curcumin analog-treated rats than in curcumin-treated rats. The results of the present study suggest that curcumin and curcumin analog exert their protective effects by modulating the extent of lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant status.

Role of vitamin C and selenium in attenuation of nicotine induced oxidative stress, P53 and Bcl2 expression in adult rat spleen

“…This is in accordance with the reports that cigarette smoking results in decreased activities of scavenging enzymes [29,12]. Kalpana and Menon [21] have suggested that superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide are the main source of nicotine induced free radical production depleting the cellular antioxidants. Supplementation of selenium enhanced the activity of scavenging antioxidant enzyme Means of three independent triplicates of the target genes were calculated, normalized with their corresponding GAPDH values.…”

“…Nicotine group: The female rats received a dose of nicotine (in physiological saline), (0.7 mg/kg body weight) daily with subcutaneous injection for 8 weeks [21].…”

Curcumin augments lung maturation, preventing neonatal lung injury by inhibiting TGF-β signaling

“…The dose of curcumin used by us was based on its optimal anti-TGF-␤ effects at 5 mg/kg body wt in our preliminary experiments with 2.5, 5, and 20 mg/kg body wt. This dose is markedly lower than those used in adults by others, either by the oral or parenteral route (10,29). Our investigation into the mechanism of curcumin's protective effect on neonatal lung injury suggests blockage of hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress and TGF-␤ activation.…”

Antimutagenic potential of curcumin on chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa

“…Curcumin has protective effect against cisplatin (Antunes et al, 2000), hydrocortisone (Ahmad et al, 2004), nicotine (Kalpana and Menon, 2004) (El-Ashmawy et al, 2006), ethanol (Naik et al, 2004) and irradiation (Thresiamma et al, 1998) induced damage in in vivo and in vitro test systems. Furthermore it has antimutagenic potential against cyclophosphamide and BAP induced genotoxicity in microbial and mammalian test systems (Shukla et al, 2002;.…”