Inhibition of masculine differentiation in male offspring of rabbits actively immunised against testosterone before pregnancy

Bidlingmaier, F.; Knorr, D; Neumann, F.

doi:10.1038/266647a0

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…First, Bidlingmaier, Knorr, and Neumann (1977) induced an immunity response to testosterone in female rabbits who were subsequently mated and impregnated. The male offspring of these mothers had genital structures, both internally and externally, that were distinctly F/dM, with the exception of the testes themselves, which were well formed and fully capable of producing male-typical levels of testosterone.…”

Section: Immunity Against Biochemicals Required For Sexual Differentimentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality–heterosexuality.

Ellis

Ames²

1987

Psychological Bulletin

278

143

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Following a historical sketch of attempts to explain homosexuality, we review evidence indicating that the process of determining human sexual orientation is fundamentally the same in all mammals. In this process, four phenotypic dimensions of sexuality develop from two more or less distinct sex genotypes. Studies are reviewed that indicate how phenotypic deviations from these two genotypes (called sexual inversions) can occur. The causes of sexual inversions are categorized as genetic-hormonal, pharmacological, maternal stress, immunological, and social experiential. From this evidence, we propose a theory of how the entire spectrum of human sexual orientation (vs. simply homosexuality) is determined.A consistent preference for sexual relations with one's own sex (homosexuality), the opposite sex (heterosexuality), or vary-

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Section: Immunity Against Biochemicals Required For Sexual Differentimentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality–heterosexuality.

Ellis

Ames²

1987

Psychological Bulletin

278

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The anti body titers achieved through passive immu nization in our rat fetuses were low compared to those of rabbit fetuses after active immu nization of the mother [1], Yet, the testoster one-binding capacity of fetal rat sera reached 20 to 40 ng/ml and thus was high enough to bind and inactivate 10 to 20 times the nor mal plasma testosterone of male rat fetuses. The postnatal rise of the antibody titers which we observed in the young can be ex plained by the high immunoglobulin uptake of the neonate rat from the maternal colos trum [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hecker on the occasion of his 60th birthday. ticular feminization syndrome in men [1]. At birth, total testosterone concentration in the plasma of these feminized males was exces sively elevated and the testes showed signs of marked overstimulation with Leydig cell hy perplasia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the fetus the circulat ing hormone is strongly bound by these anti bodies and unavailable at the specific recep tor sites in the target organs. We have pre viously reported pseudohermaphroditism in male offsprings of rabbits immunized against testosterone which is comparable to the tes- 1 Supported by a grant from the 'Deutsche For schungsgemeinschaft' (Kn 54/14). 2 Dedicated to Prof. H '.C/i.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Negative Feedback Control of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in the Male Rat Fetus

Bidlingmaier¹,

Kuhnle²,

Knorr³

1982

Horm Res

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Pregnant rats were passively immunized against testosterone by injections of rabbit antibodies against testosterone. Fetuses were studied daily starting at day 18 of gestation. Testosterone antibodies were detected in all fetal plasma samples. At day 18 of gestation testicular testosterone content – as an index of gonadotropin stimulation – was unchanged even though circulating free testosterone was reduced by antibody binding. However, at day 19 and all subsequent days of gestation testicular testosterone content was significantly higher in immunized fetuses compared to the controls. These results indicate that in the male rat the negative feedback between testes and the hypothalamopituitary system develops between days 18 and 19 of gestation.

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“…These concepts derive from multiple ex perimental and clinical studies [8][9][10][11][12] which can be summarized as follows: 5a-reductase is not present in the Wolffian ducts at the time of its stabilization [10]. This structure however concentrates T [11], In contrast, DHT, which does not appear to be secreted in any appreciable amount by the fetal testes, is formed within the urogenital sinus and external genitalia prior to their differentia tion and prior to the onset of testicular T secretion [10,11].…”

Section: Specific Hormones Responsible For Mate Sexual Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Androgens in Fetal and Pubertal Development

Forest

1983

Horm Res

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During fetal development, androgens exert long-term effects which are either organizational on specific organs during a critical phase of morphogenesis (e.g. sexual differentiation of external genitalia), or programming neural functions or enzyme activities expressed later in life. At all stages of development, which extends from fetal and neonatal stages to pubertal accomplishment, androgens also have activational effects that are immediate, multiple, reversible and dose dependent. Both types of actions are intricate during human development. This review will focus (1) on the intricate morphological and activational roles of androgens on sexual differentiation and pubertal development of the genital tract, external genitalia and mammary glands, and (2) on the organizational effects of androgens on four central nervous system functions: pituitary regulation of liver metabolism, gonadotropin secretions, sex dimorphic behavioral patterns, and ‘sexualization of the brain’. If the molecular basis of the immediate androgenic action is known, depending of androgen receptor’s availability and affinity, little is known of the way androgens exert their influence on either so various morphological processes or neuroendocrine imprinting.

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Inhibition of masculine differentiation in male offspring of rabbits actively immunised against testosterone before pregnancy

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality–heterosexuality.

Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality–heterosexuality.

Development of Negative Feedback Control of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in the Male Rat Fetus

Role of Androgens in Fetal and Pubertal Development

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