Inhibition ofStreptococcus mutansbiofilm accumulation and development of dental cariesin vivoby 7-epiclusianone and fluoride

Abstract

Abstract7-Epiclusianone (7-epi), a novel naturally occurring compound isolated from Rheedia brasiliensis, effectively inhibits the synthesis of exopolymers and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans. In the present study, the ability of 7-epi, alone or in combination with fluoride (F), to disrupt biofilm development and pathogenicity of S. mutans in vivo was examined using a rodent model of dental caries. Treatment (twice-daily, 60s exposure) with 7-epi, alone or in combination with 125 ppm F, resulted in biofilms with less biomass and fewer insoluble glucans than did those treated with vehicle-control, and they also displayed significant cariostatic effects in vivo (p < 0.05). The combination 7-epi + 125 ppm F was as effective as 250 ppm F (positive-control) in reducing the development of both smooth-and sulcal-caries. No histopathological alterations were observed in the animals after the experimental period. The data show that 7-epiclusianone is a novel and effective antibiofilm/anticaries agent, which may enhance the cariostatic properties of fluoride.

Molecule Targeting Glucosyltransferase Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation and Virulence

“…The rats were fed diet no. 2000 (56% sucrose; Dashuo Inc.) and 5% sucrose water ad libitum (13,40). At 22 days old, the infection was checked, and experimental rats were randomized into 5 groups with their teeth routinely treated using a sterile hair brush once daily.…”

“…Derivatives of natural products, such as cranberry constituents (9), fractions of barley coffee (10), and tea catechins (11,12), have been shown to have inhibitory effects against S. mutans biofilm formation. In addition, numerous small molecules, including tt-farnesol (12), chitosan, 7-epiclusianone (13), and apigenin (14), have been characterized and have been shown to have antibiofilm activity. Other potential anticariogenic methods include sugar substitutes (15), probiotic strains (16), and arginine (17).…”

The anti-caries activity and toxicity of an experimental propolis-containing varnish

“…At the age of 21 days, the rats were infected with an actively growing overnight culture of S. mutans UA159 using a cotton swab, and then fed pellet chow, Diet2000 with 56% sucrose, 21 plus 5% sucrose in drinking water ad libitum. 22 At the age of 25 days, the animals were screened for the establishment of oral infection, by plating oral samples onto MSB agar plates. On the following day, the rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 14), anesthetized with chloral hydrate (440 mg/kg) and submitted to the following treatments: G1 -topical application of propolis varnish (PV) (type 12 propolis from southeastern Brazil 13 -propolis ethanolic extract, 15%, w/v); G2 -topical application of chitosan varnish (CV) (varnish base, vehicle control); G3 -topical application of a gold-standard varnish (Duraphat, fluoride 2.26%, w/v, positive control); and G4 -untreated group (negative control).…”

Probiotics and the Reduction of Dental Caries Risk

“…The Gtfs secreted by S. mutans (particularly GtfB and GtfC) provide specific binding sites for either bacterial colonization of the tooth surface or attachment of bacteria to each other, modulating the formation of tightly adherent biofilms, the precursor of dental caries Murata et al 2010). However, the ability of S. mutans to adhere to the tooth surface is vital for the initiation and progression of dental caries.…”