Inhibition of Hydroxyapatite Formation by Zirconocenes

The Crystallization of Hydroxyapatite in the Presence of Lysine

“…So, the synthetic HAP crystals were in the reactor in a solution of phosphates and lysine at the desired pH and ionic strength 2 h before the experiment start by the addition of the appropriate quantity of CaCl 2 solution. The procedure described here is advantageous compared to the classical constant composition method, because adsorption phenomena do not interfere with kinetic measurements (24).…”

“…If introduced at higher concentrations where it is more effective against HAP formation then after a certain period of time given by its elimination kinetics the concentration will be lowered to the physiological level, where its is less effective, with physiological mechanisms. Therefore, lysine can be a calcification inhibitor, though a not very effective one as compared to other known inhibitors (24,(36)(37)(38)(39). The advantage of using physiological substances such as lysine to prevent pathological formation of HAP over the commercial synthetic drugs, which have been accused of being responsible for several side effects, is that the concentration excess of the amino acids in the tissue can be regulated via physiological pathways and therefore the liver function is not charged.…”

Characterization and inhibitive study of gel-grown hydroxyapatite crystals at physiological temperature

“…Therefore, many researchers have studied the growth inhibition of hydroxyapatite [15][16][17][18]. Koutsopoulos et al [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] have studied the growth and inhibition of hydroxyapatite by different therapeutic drugs and various amino acids. Recently, Pampena et al [27] have reported the inhibition of hydroxyapatite by osteopontin phosphopeptides (OPN).…”

Experimental investigation of interfaces in hydroxyapatite/polyacrylic acid/polycaprolactone composites using photoacoustic FTIR spectroscopy

“…The polymer–HAP interface plays a very important role in mechanical properties of the composites. Interfacial properties can be modified by crystallization of HAP in the presence of organic/inorganic substances 14–16. It has been reported that organic additives affect nucleation and growth of HAP crystallization17, 18 and could be used to control the sizes, orientation, and morphology of the formed HAP crystals effectively 19.…”