Inhibition of homocytotropic antibody responses in adult inbred mice by previous feeding of the specific antigen

Vaz, Nelson M.; Maia, Luiz C. Sauerbronn; Hanson, David R.; Lynch, J. M.

doi:10.1016/0091-6749(77)90035-5

Cited by 97 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Immunological anergy resulting from the introduction of antigen via the gastroin testinal tract represents the most ancient de scription of the phenomenon of experimen tally induced immunologic tolerance [1][2][3][4] interest in orally induced tolerance which has focused on determining the mecha nism^) underlying this state of anergy, as well as evaluating the effect which it has on the cellular compartment of the immune system [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orally Induced Tolerance

Titus

Chiller²

1981

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Several elements of the phenomenon of oral tolerance were examined. It was shown that whereas intragastric (i.g.) exposure of mice to the T-dependent antigens oval-bumin (OVA), bovine serum albumin, and human gamma globulin severely compromised the ability to respond to a subsequent challenge with the homologous antigen, i.g. treatment with T-independent antigens such as dinitrophenylated Ficoll, polyvinylpyrrolidone and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) did not induce anergy. Furthermore, mice parenterally primed to OVA were not only refractory to the induction of oral tolerance with OVA, but displayed an anamnestic response following i.g. treatment with the antigen. In a final line of investigation, it was shown that whereas mice administered OVA orally lost specific T cell functions such as the ability to (a) provide helper activity; (b) proliferate in response to antigen, and (c) mediate delayed-type hypersensitivity, such animals possessed OVA-specific functional B cells as evidenced by the ability to respond to OVA when the antigen was administered either linked to a recognizable carrier or in conjunction with LPS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orally Induced Tolerance

Titus

Chiller²

1981

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…In the local lymphoid tissue, antigens may induce the production of secretory IgA, which also regulates their absorption, as well as a phenomenon called oral tolerance (3)(4)(5). In this case, animals that have been orally treated with antigen usually do not produce humoral or cellular immune responses when they are later parenterally immunized, even in the presence of adjuvants (6)(7)(8). Many factors can interfere with the occurrence of oral tolerance, such as the nature of the antigen as well as the dose, frequency and time interval between doses (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Many factors can interfere with the occurrence of oral tolerance, such as the nature of the antigen as well as the dose, frequency and time interval between doses (9). There are also other hostrelated factors, such as its immunological history, age and genetic background, that interfere with the phenomenon (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In most of our studies on the induction of oral tolerance (5,8,10,13) we have chosen B6D2F1 mice (an abbreviation for (C57/Bl6 x DBA/2) F1 mice) as hosts and ovalbumin (Ova) as antigen. The possibility of coupling hydrophobic palmitate residues to proteins, which interested us when studying antigen processing and presentation by B cells carrying surrogate antigen receptors (14)(15)(16)(17), opened new perspectives for the study of the mechanism of oral tolerance induction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Coupling of palmitate to ovalbumin inhibits the induction of oral tolerance

Oliveira

Silva-Neto

Silva

et al. 1998

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Oral tolerance is a phenomenon that may occur in animals exposed to protein antigens for the first time by the oral route. They become unable to produce immune responses at the levels normally observed when they are immunized parenterally with antigen in the presence of adjuvants. Lipids have been used as adjuvants for both parenteral and oral immunization. In the present study we coupled ovalbumin with palmitate residues by incubating the protein with the N-hydroxysuccinimide palmitate ester and tested the preparation for its ability to induce oral tolerance. This was performed by giving 20 mg of antigen to mice by the oral route 7 days prior to parenteral immunization in the presence of Al(OH) 3 . Mice were bled one week after receiving a booster that was given 2 weeks after primary immunization. Specific antibodies were detected by ELISA. Despite the fact that the conjugates are as immunogenic as the unmodified protein when parenterally injected in mice, they failed to induce oral tolerance. This discrepancy could be explained by differences in the intestinal absorption of the two forms of the antigen. In fact, when compared to the non-conjugated ovalbumin, a fast and high absorption of the lipid-conjugated form of ovalbumin was observed by "sandwich" ELISA.

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“…circulating antibody formation [37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Natural feeding of mice has been shown to result preferentially in oral tolerance to dietary components, specially with proteins repeatedly ingested on several consecutive occasions [38,41,44].…”

Section: Different Outcomes Of Mucosal Antigenic Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immaturity, Ageing and Oral Tolerance

et al. 1997

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Vaz NM, Faria AMC, Verdolin BA, Carvalho CR. Immaturity, Ageing and Oral Tolerance. Scand J Immunol 1997;46:225-229 Founding studies of cellular immunology emphasized that tolerance to allografts could only be achieved early in the embryonic or neonatal period, suggesting that the establishment of self-tolerance, a main event in the organization of the immune system, would necessarily take place in immature hosts. Contradicting these ideas, oral tolerance is a common, daily phenomenon, easily achieved by a physiological route in adult immunocompetent animals. Furthermore, there is solid evidence that, after the neonatal period, the susceptibility to oral tolerance induction also wanes and that it may be restored by adoptive transfer of cells from young hosts. These findings are briefly reviewed here to emphasize that immunological activity is a continuous and ongoing epigenesis extending throughout the entire life of the organism, far beyond the early phases of ontogenesis. Nelson M. Vaz, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, CP 486, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gevais 30161-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil THE DOMINANT IMMUNOLOGICAL PARADIGMWe refer to the 'dominant immunological paradigm' [1] as a large interlaced set of terms and notions based on the concept of specific immunological recognition of foreign epitopes (immunity) and its complement, the notion of self-tolerance (self/nonself discrimination). The current version of the paradigm is based in different versions of the Clonal Selection Theory of Antibody Formation [2]. An alternative paradigm should be able to define, discuss and explain immunological activities and immunological phenomena without relying on the distinction between foreign and familiar materials (self/non-self discrimination) or on the notion of self-tolerance (self-ignorance). Up to this moment, we are not aware of such an alternative being fully formulated.In a previous essay [3], we pointed to a confusion of domains of description inherent to the current paradigm, which confounds the structural dynamics of the immune system (its physiology) with immunological phenomena (such as specific immune responses) which take place in the domain of interactions of the organism acting as a whole 1 . In the present essay, we use the same way of seeing to describe the set of phenomena currently described as 'oral tolerance'. We will show that these phenomena are not explained by the current paradigm and require alternative systemic notions to explain them. SELF-TOLERANCE AND IMMATURITYCreated in the early 1960s, the current immunological paradigm was heavily influenced by experimental findings on bovine twins' natural allogeneic chimeras [4], the rejection of allografts in mice [5,6] and chickens [7,8] and the adoptive transfer of immunological competence by lymphocytes [9][10][11][12]. The Clonal Selection Theory hinged around the notions of self/non-self discrimination (self-tolerance) already emphasized in a previous book by Burnet & Fenner [13], exp...

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Inhibition of homocytotropic antibody responses in adult inbred mice by previous feeding of the specific antigen

Cited by 97 publications

References 18 publications

Orally Induced Tolerance

Orally Induced Tolerance

Coupling of palmitate to ovalbumin inhibits the induction of oral tolerance

Immaturity, Ageing and Oral Tolerance

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