Inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, toxicological and chemical profile of Calophyllum brasiliense extracts from Chiapas, Mexico

Hsu

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

2014

440

355

Viral infections play an important role in human diseases, and recent outbreaks in the advent of globalization and ease of travel have underscored their prevention as a critical issue in safeguarding public health. Despite the progress made in immunization and drug development, many viruses lack preventive vaccines and efficient antiviral therapies, which are often beset by the generation of viral escape mutants. Thus, identifying novel antiviral drugs is of critical importance and natural products are an excellent source for such discoveries. In this mini-review, we summarize the antiviral effects reported for several natural products and herbal medicines.

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Natural Products and Herbal Medicines

Hsu

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

2014

440

355

“…As seen in Fig. 3 the main biological research over the last years in C. brasiliense have been focused on its enviromental and ecological applications; for instance, it has been proposed the development of a phytomedicine (a extract from the leaves containing anti-HIV coumarins) as a strategy to impulse sustainable plantations, contributing to stop deforestation (César et al 2011;Tapia-Tapia and Reyes-Chilpa 2008). Even so, there is an important amount of papers for anti-parasitic activities, mostly related to mammea type coumarins, antileishmania (Brenzan et al 2007); and trypanocidal , as well as for cytotoxic properties specially against leukemia cell lines such as K562 and HL-60 (Ito et al 2006;Gomez-Verjan et al 2014;Kimura et al 2005), and antimicrobial properties mostly related to inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Pires et al 2014) and Helicobacter pylori (Su et al 2008).…”

Section: Scientometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the chemical and pharmacological research on the tropical trees Calophyllum brasiliense and Calophyllum inophyllum, a global context

et al. 2015

Tropical trees of Calophyllum genus (Calophyllaceae) have chemical and biological importance as potential source of secondary active metabolites which can lead to the development of new drugs. Research on this species has been rising since 1992 due to the discovering of anti-HIV properties of Calanolide A found in Calophyllum inophyllum leaves. This compound is the most important natural product for potential development of new anti-HIV drugs and phytomedicines. The scientometric analysis here performed revealed that the most studied species of Calophyllum genus are: C. inophyllum and C. brasiliense, distributed in the Asian, and American continents, respectively. Current research on these species is carried out mainly in India and Brazil, respectively, where these species grow. Research on C. brasiliense is focused mainly on ecological, antiparasitic, cytotoxic properties, and isolation of new compounds. Chemical studies and biodiesel development are the main topics in the case of C. inophyllum. Text mining analysis revealed that coumarins, and xanthones are the main secondary active metabolites responsible for most of the reported pharmacological properties, and are potential compounds for the treatment of leukemia and against intracellular parasites causing American Trypanosomiasis and Leshmaniasis. On the other hand, C. inophyllum represents an important source for the development of 2nd generation biodiesel. Medicinal and industrial applications of these species may impulse sustainable forest plantations. To our knowledge this is the first scientometric and text mining analysis of chemical and biomedical research on Calophyllum genus, C. brasiliense and C. inophyllum.

“…are rich in coumarins [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], with substituents regularly occurring at C-3 and C-4 of the α-pyrone moiety, as seen for dibothrioclinin I and II [11], gerdelavin A [12], and gerberlin A-C [13]. Coumarins from Gerbera have been reported to possess anticancer [13][14][15], antioxidant [16], antimicrobial [15], anti-HIV [17], and hypoglycemic activity [18]. However, to date only a few studies of the phytochemistry and the pharmacological activity of G. piloselloides and its constituents have been published [11,16,19], and this species therefore holds promise for discovery of new natural products with pharmacological activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Elucidation of Prenyl- and Geranyl-Substituted Coumarins in Gerbera piloselloides by NMR Spectroscopy, Electronic Circular Dichroism Calculations, and Single Crystal X-ray Crystallography

Fedotov

et al. 2020

Molecules

Crude ethyl acetate extract of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass. was investigated by dual high-resolution PTP1B/α-glucosidase inhibition profiling and LC-PDA-HRMS. This indicated the presence of a series of unprecedented prenyl- and geranyl-substituted coumarin derivatives correlated with both α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitory activity. Repeated chromatographic separation targeting these compounds led to the isolation of 13 new compounds, of which ten could be isolated as both enantiomers after chiral separation. The structures of all isolated compounds were characterized by HRMS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis. The absolute configurations of the isolated compounds were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compound 6 features a rare furan-oxepane 5/7 ring system, possibly formed through addition of a geranyl unit to C-3 of 5-methylcoumarin, representing a new type of geranyl-substituted coumarin skeleton. Compounds 19 and 24 are the first examples of dimeric natural products consisting of both coumarin and chromone moieties.