Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by herbal extract: Phyllanthus amarus as potent natural source

Ravikumar, Y. S.; Ray, Upasana; Madhusudhan, Nandhitha; Perween, Ashiya; Naika, H. Raja; Khanna, Navin

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2011.03.014

Cited by 71 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…9 Studies revealed that the antiviral property of P. amarus is mediated via its inhibitory effect on HBV polymerase activity and mRNA transcription and interaction with CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) and HBV enhancer I. 10 Very recently, Ravikumar et al 11 have shown that the methanolic extract of P. amarus significantly inhibited hepatitis C viral enzymes NS3 protease and NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and prevented viral replication as determined by TaqMan Real time RT-PCR. However, other reports have suggested a nil to very minimal role of P. amarus on HBV replication 12,13 which may be due to the difference in the plant source material used.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phyllanthin of Standardized Phyllanthus amarus Extract Attenuates Liver Oxidative Stress in Mice and Exerts Cytoprotective Activity on Human Hepatoma Cell Line

Krithika¹,

Verma²,

Shrivastav³

et al. 2011

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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T he realization that nature provides the largest supply of plants blessed with medicinal properties is fascinating and worth exploring. As the world's potential plant resource has been underutilized till date, limitless opportunity exists in developing phytomedicines. The Indian subcontinent through ancient ages had followed this rich tradition of employing medicinal plants. However, these herbal medicaments suffer from major drawbacks such as lack of standardization of crude extracts and insufficient data on randomized placebo-controlled clinical studies. Consequently, skepticism regarding their efficacy cannot be ruled out. A systematic approach toward validation of such therapeutic claims has to be carried out, which will pave the way for phytotherapeutic compounds to attain scientific credibility and acceptance. Standardization of extracts which ensures a minimal level of active ingredient pertaining to a plant species is, thus, essential and of utmost importance.Liver disorders are a major cause of morbidity and a global search is on for agents which can alleviate conditions of hepatic damage. The scarcity of trustworthy contemporary liver-protecting drugs had increased the market potential of their traditional counterparts.1 Many Indian medicinal plants have been reported to have an excellent potential for the treatment of various infections and are considered as best alternatives for clinical allopathic drugs. Phyllanthus is one of the largest genus falling under kingdom Plantae, represented by around 1200 species. Until 1985, many species of Phyllanthus in India were collectively called as Phyllanthus niruri L. Surprisingly, P. niruri has been proven to be endemic to West Indies and America and has not been found to occur in India.2,3 Many phytochemical and pharmacol ogical studies reported from Indian subcontinent using P. niruri

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confidence: 99%

Phyllanthin of Standardized Phyllanthus amarus Extract Attenuates Liver Oxidative Stress in Mice and Exerts Cytoprotective Activity on Human Hepatoma Cell Line

Krithika¹,

Verma²,

Shrivastav³

et al. 2011

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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“…MTT assays to measure the toxicity of extract 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used for the screening the toxicity of extracts using standard protocol [21]. Briefly, Vero cells were incubated at 37°C on 12-well plates at a density of 2 9 10 6 cells per well, with 5 % CO 2 in a humidified atmosphere with 10 % MEM.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anti-mumps virus activity by extracts of Mimosa pudica, a unique Indian medicinal plant

et al. 2013

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Mumps is an acute and self-limiting disease characterized by parotitis, however in some cases it leads to aseptic meningitis, deafness, encephalitis and orchitis, which is a serious health concern. MMR vaccination was successful in eradicating the disease however, recent reports question the efficacy of MMR vaccine and countless outbreaks are observed in vaccinated populations throughout the world. Lack of specific treatment methods for mumps infection and inefficiency of MMR vaccine in vaccinated populations accentuates the need for the development of novel drugs to control mumps virus mediated serious infections. It was with this backdrop of information that the anti-mumps virus activity of Mimosa pudica was evaluated. Suspected mumps cases were collected to isolate a standard mumps virus by systematic laboratory testing which included IgM antibody assays, virus isolation, RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis. The virus was quantified by TCID 50 assay and anti-mumps virus property was evaluated by CPE reduction assay and cytotoxicity of the extract was measured by MTT assay and phytochemical analysis was done by gas chromatographymass spectroscopy. The RT-PCR and phylogenetic tree analysis of the SH gene sequence of the clinical isolate showed it to be mumps virus genotype C. 150 lg/ml concentration of M. pudica completely inhibited mumps virus and the drug was found to be non-toxic up to 2 mg/ml. M. pudica was thus found to be a potent inhibitor of MuV.

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“…Acetonic and methanolicextracts of Acacia nilotica have shown significantantiviral activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) inliver infected cells [27]. Herbal extracts fromPhyllanthus amarus has shown inhibition of HCVreplication [28]. Methanol and choloroform extractsof Solanum nigrum seeds have shown 37% and 50%inhibition of HCV respectively at nontoxicconcentration [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Activity of Selected Indian Medicinal Herbs Against Hepatitis E Virus (Hev) in the Established Porcine Cell Model

Roy¹,

Kanwar²,

Langerholc³

2017

J Res Educ Indian Med - ISSN 0970-7700

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Abstract:Background: It is known that hepatitis E virus (HEV) is zoonotically transmitted to humans and while other forms of hepatitis have been in focus for drug and vaccine development, HEV related mortality in case of pregnant women can reach upto 20%. Methods: HEV proteins, were successfully extracted from 22 pig stool samples and the presence of HEV capsid antigen encoded by the open reading frame 2 (ORF2) was confirmed using dot blot and western blotting in 4 samples. HEV samples were inoculated in pig epithelial cells (CLAB) and pig macrophage (POM2) to develop an in vitro model for observing the cytopathic effects (CPE). The HEV infected cell cultures were subjected to water: methanol (95:5) extracts from Kaempfaria galanga (Galangal), Mimosa pudica (Touch me not), Coleus aromaticus (Doddapatre)and Paederia foetida (Stinkvine).Results:We showed that incubation of 56 μg/mL HEV samples for 3 hours induced characteristic growth patterns in cells until 4 passages. We also found that extracts of K. galanga significantly (p<0.001) increased cell viability in CLAB cells while other extracts showed cytotoxic effects. In the preventive study (treatments of cells with extracts followed by infection of cells with viral proteins), both 10 -2 and 10 -3 dilutions of K. galanga extracts significantly (p<0.001) prevented a decrease in cell viability of CLAB cells after HEV infection. The 10 -2 dilution of C. aromaticus (p<0.01) and 10 -3 dilution of K. galanga was the only effective (p<0.001) extract in case of HEV infected POM2 cells. Conclusion: A new in vitro cell culture model based on CLAB and POM2 cells has been developed to study HEV.We are also the first to report the activity of these medicinal extracts against HEV in a cell culture model. Extracts of K. galanga and P. foetida showed a promising anti-viral activity and the potential to be used as a natural therapy against HEV.

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Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by herbal extract: Phyllanthus amarus as potent natural source

Cited by 71 publications

References 25 publications

Phyllanthin of Standardized Phyllanthus amarus Extract Attenuates Liver Oxidative Stress in Mice and Exerts Cytoprotective Activity on Human Hepatoma Cell Line

Phyllanthin of Standardized Phyllanthus amarus Extract Attenuates Liver Oxidative Stress in Mice and Exerts Cytoprotective Activity on Human Hepatoma Cell Line

Anti-mumps virus activity by extracts of Mimosa pudica, a unique Indian medicinal plant

Antiviral Activity of Selected Indian Medicinal Herbs Against Hepatitis E Virus (Hev) in the Established Porcine Cell Model

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