Inhibition of glucagon secretion in the human newborn by glucose infusion

Grasso, Sebastiano; Fallucca, F.; Mazzone, D.; Giangrande, L.; Romeo, Mario; Reitano, G

doi:10.2337/diabetes.32.6.489

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…These results show that the response of human fetal pancreatic tissue to glucose matures over a period of many months, corresponding to a time span from early in the second trimester of fetal life to 15 weeks after the birth of an infant. Our findings are similar to those reported in the clinical situation with no release of insulin in response to glucose before 25 weeks of age [3,4], sluggish release of insulin in both pre-term and terminfants [6][7][8], and a doubling of the insulinogenic response to glucose between 1 and 6 months of age [9]. A similar time-dependent maturation of response to glucose has also been recorded in animals, especially the fetal rat [11], and in pancreatic tissue removed from the fetal rat and cultured in vitro [12][13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…It is known that the ability of the pancreas to respond to glucose is sluggish at birth for full-term infants [6,7] and improves in a matter of 24 h after birth [7]. A similar initial sluggish response is seen with pre-term infants and does not improve within days after birth [7,8]. It is not until at least 1 month and, possibly 6 months of age, that a maximal response to glucose occurs in these infants [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is not the lack of ability of the islets to produce insulin per se, because pancreatic tissue in vitro releases insulin in response to stimulation with theophylline [2] and ions such as barium and potassium [5]. It is known that the ability of the pancreas to respond to glucose is sluggish at birth for full-term infants [6,7] and improves in a matter of 24 h after birth [7]. A similar initial sluggish response is seen with pre-term infants and does not improve within days after birth [7,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of the response of human fetal pancreatic expiants to glucose

1985

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The release of insulin from the human pancreas in response to glucose is known to be either poor or absent in the fetus, whereas in the infant and adult, the response is much greater. The maturation of this response was examined systematically in this study using pancreases that were initially obtained at 14-20 weeks gestation and maintained either in culture alone or by passaging them in diabetic nude mice. Stimulation with glucose was carried out in vitro using tissue of ages ranging from 14 to 58 weeks. A response to glucose was initially seen at 25 weeks and this dramatically increased in the fetal tissue that had reached an age of 55 weeks or more. One of the nude mice used for passage developed normoglycaemia and when the pancreatic implant of age 52 weeks was removed, diabetes recurred. Our findings support the idea of the use of human fetal pancreatic tissue in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

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Maturation of the response of human fetal pancreatic expiants to glucose

1985

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“…This lack of response suggests "blunted" (3-cell sensitivity to glucose, which is believed to exist in newborn premature and term neonates. 17 Our observation differs from that of Vileisis et al 1 who found that glycemic response associated with lipid and amino acid infusion stimulated insulin secretion. The quantity of lipid administered was comparable to that for infants in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Intravenous Lipid and Amino Acids Briskly Increase Plasma Glucose Concentrations in Small Premature Infants

Savich

Finley²,

Ogata³

1988

Amer J Perinatol

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We determined the glycemic response to intravenous lipid infusion alone, lipid with amino acids, or amino acids alone in 15 very small premature infants receiving constant glucose infusion during early life. Infants who received lipid or lipid and amino acids demonstrated significant increases in glucose compared with infants who received amino acids. The combination of lipid and amino acids resulted in an earlier increase than lipid alone. Although plasma insulin did not change in all three groups, infants who received amino acids alone demonstrated an appropriate increase in glucagon. These data suggest that lipid infusion, a commonly used means of providing nutrition to premature infants, may cause significant disturbances in glucoregulation, particularly when administered with amino acids.

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“…In fact Massi-Benedetti et al showed that the simultaneous infusion of glucose and insulin resulted in a significant inhibition of glucagon release (1 1). We have reported, however, that sluggish increments and delayed peaks of plasma insulin seen during and after a 30 min glucose infusion in the newborns were associated with a rapid and significant decline of the plasma levels of this hormone (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Glucagon and Insulin Secretion in Low Birthweight Preterm Infants The Effect of Glucose Infusion

et al. 1990

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The effect of the intravenous glucose on plasma levels of glucagon and insulin were evaluated in thirty-five LBW preterm infants who were appropriate for gestational age. Their mean birthweight and gestational age were 1220 +/- 55 g (range 750-1730 g) and 29 +/- 1 weeks (range 25-35 weeks), respectively. A 30 min glucose infusion in 16 infants (1 g/kg b.w. in 30 min) caused a prompt and sustained suppression of plasma glucagon and a delayed but significant insulin release. The mean of the sum of maximal plasma glucagon decrements below the baseline was 173 +/- 42 pg/ml. In another 12 infants a significant fall in plasma glucagon and a variable but significant plasma insulin release also occurred throughout the 24 h study on continuous intravenous glucose (rate 2.4-2.7 mg/kg/min). The mean of the sum of maximal plasma glucagon decrements below the baseline up to 12 h was 282 +/- 36 and was similar to that seen in the previous group.

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Inhibition of glucagon secretion in the human newborn by glucose infusion

Cited by 11 publications

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Maturation of the response of human fetal pancreatic expiants to glucose

Maturation of the response of human fetal pancreatic expiants to glucose

Intravenous Lipid and Amino Acids Briskly Increase Plasma Glucose Concentrations in Small Premature Infants

Glucagon and Insulin Secretion in Low Birthweight Preterm Infants The Effect of Glucose Infusion

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