Inhibition of germination inStriga by means of urea

Pesch, Carla; Pieterse, A.H.

doi:10.1007/bf02327047

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Changes such as these have been implicated in the suppression of parasitic plants at high nitrogen levels. For example, reductions in the germination and attachment of Striga under conditions of high nitrogen have been ascribed to changes in host root morphology and exudation patterns Press 1993a, 1993b;Pesch and Pieterse 1982). There would, therefore, appear to be sound theoretical reasons for suggesting that phosphorus may have an impact on interactions between parasitic plants and their hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Davies¹,

Graves

2000

Oecologia

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The effects of phosphorus supply on the outcome of interactions between the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor L. with its host species Lolium perenne L. were investigated in a glasshouse experiment. Host plants were grown in 3-l pots in the presence and absence of R. minor at limiting (0.13 mM P) and optimal (0.65 mM P) concentrations of phosphorus for the growth of the host species. Phosphorus was supplied at 2-day intervals in the form of half-strength Long Ashton nitrate-based solution with phosphorus concentrations adjusted accordingly. Parasitism by R. minor significantly suppressed host growth, with final biomass losses ranging between 32% and 44%. Phosphorus supply had a marked impact on the outcome of the host-parasite interaction. By the end of the growing period, parasite biomass at 0.65 mM P was 90% lower than that achieved at 0.13 mM P. In contrast, host biomass at 0.65 mM P was 74% higher than achieved at 0.13 mM P, indicting that the negative impact of parasitism on the host species was reduced when phosphorus supply was increased. The effects of phosphorus on the host-parasite association appeared to be mediated by changes in both the morphological characteristics of the host roots and the relative sink strengths of the host and parasite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Davies¹,

Graves

2000

Oecologia

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“…Also, the high levels of nitrogen needed to suppress Striga have been associated with reduced exudation of Striga germination stimulants by hosts' roots (Pieterse 1996) and consequently reduced infestation (Bebawi 1987). High nitrogen level has also been associated with the reduction of radicle elongation of the few germinated Striga seeds providing an escape mechanism effect on the attachment of Striga seedlings to the host (Pesch and Pieterse 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of cultural methods onStriga(Striga hermonthica(Del.)) Benth management and yield of cereals in the Savanna Zone of Nigeria: a review

Imoloame

Joshua

2011

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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Data were obtained from the research done in the Guinea Savanna (Zaria 11811 0 N; 070 38 0 E) and Sudan Savanna (Maiduguri 711851 0 N; 13815 0 E) regions of Nigeria, respectively on different cultural methods of Striga control and management. In the Guinea Savanna, trials on the effects of nitrogen on the response of resistant and susceptible upland rice varieties to Striga hermonthica infestation and the effect of resistant and susceptible varieties of maize and crop rotation on Striga infestation was carried out, while the effect of inter-cropping trap crop (Bambaranut) with resistant sorghum varieties on S. hermonthica was studied in the Sudan Savanna Zone of Nigeria. In the Guinea Savanna, it was observed that a combination of upland rice variety, Faro 40 and an application of 90 kg N/ha in the wet season and WAB 56-50 upland rice variety and 120 kg N/ ha in the dry season, respectively reduced Striga infestation and produced maximum grain yield. Also, the growing of resistant variety of maize (Across 97ITZ comp. I-W) after 1 or 2 years' rotation with cowpea or soybean was observed not only to be effective in Striga control, but resulted in higher grain yield of maize. In the Sudan Savanna, the use of resistant varieties of sorghum, 1CSV1002 and 1CSV1007 intercropped with bambaranut significantly reduced Striga infestation, but the grain yield of the resistant varieties was low. From these studies, Faro 40 with 90 kg N/ha application rate and WAB56-50 with 120 kg N/ha were suitable for the management of Striga and for higher grain yield of upland rice in both wet and dry seasons, respectively, while Across 97ITZ comp. I-W, resistant maize variety and 1 or 2 years rotation with cowpea or soybean were also the best for the management of S. hermonthica and for higher maize yield in the Guinea Savanna zone. Further research needs to be carried out in the Sudan Savanna to select a high yielding resistant variety of sorghum which when intercropped with bambaranut will not only control Striga infestation but will also give high grain yield.

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“…In the Sudan, Bebawi and Farah (1981) reported that application of nitrogenous fertilizer significantly reduced both Striga number and dry weights. In vitro studies by Pesch and Pieterse (1982) showed reduction in seed germination percentage and radicle length of S. hermonthica in the presence of urea concentrations of ≥ 200 mg L -1 under both acid and alkaline conditions. The amount of nitrogen in our cow manure was presumably insufficient to affect the number of emerged Striga plants in this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated control of <em>Striga hermonthica</em> (Del.) Benth. in Burkina Faso through host plant resistance, biocontrol and fertilizers

Yonli¹,

Traoré²,

Mourik³

et al. 2012

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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A two-year field study investigated integrated management of Striga hermonthica on sorghum through host crop resistance, biocontrol (Fusarium oxysporum isolate 34-FO), and fertilizer application. The experiment was conducted in a field with natural Striga infestation at Kouaré Research Station in Fada N'Gourma, Burkina Faso. Treatments combining sorghum resistance with Fusarium inoculum and N-fertilizer or manure significantly reduced emerged Striga plant number, plant vigour and dry biomass of Striga and the area under the Striga number progress curve (ASNPC) in 2002, as compared to the control. Integrated Striga Management (ISM) plots fertilized with urea, urea plus growth medium or urea plus manure associated with Fusarium inoculum resulted in improved sorghum grain yield of at least 15% in 2001 and of at least 97% in 2002. Economic analysis showed that the combination of sorghum resistance with fungal inoculum or urea at 200 kg ha -1 allowed for a significant financial profit in sorghum production. The results suggest that to reduce Striga infestation below economic threshold, ISM treatments should be consistently applied for several years without expecting very high returns.

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Inhibition of germination inStriga by means of urea

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

The impact of phosphorus on interactions of the hemiparasitic angiosperm Rhinanthus minor and its host Lolium perenne

Effect of cultural methods onStriga(Striga hermonthica(Del.)) Benth management and yield of cereals in the Savanna Zone of Nigeria: a review

Integrated control of <em>Striga hermonthica</em> (Del.) Benth. in Burkina Faso through host plant resistance, biocontrol and fertilizers

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