Inhibition of (dppf)nickel-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions by α-halo-N-heterocycles

Abstract

A nickel/dppf catalyst system was found to successfully achieve the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of 3- and 4-chloropyridine but not 2-chloropyridine and other α-halo-N-heterocycles. Further investigations revealed that chloropyridines undergo rapid oxidative addition to [Ni(COD)(dppf)] but that α-halo-N-heterocycles lead to the formation ofstable dimeric nickel species that are catalytically inactive in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. However, the corresponding Kumada-Tamao-Corriu reactions all proceed readily, which is attributed to more rapid transmetalation of Grignard reagents.