Inhibition of Defocus-Induced Myopia in Chickens

Woods, Jill; Guthrie, Sarah E.; Keir, Nancy; Dillehay, Sally; Tyson, Mark; Griffin, Richard; Choh, Vivian; Fonn, Desmond; Jones, Lyndon; Irving, Elizabeth L.

doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10742

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Recent animal studies 45,46 further indicated that lens-induced relative myopic defocus of the peripheral retina could significantly reduce the developmental rate of lens-induced myopia in chickens. Based on the results from animal experiments, numerous clinical trials have attempted to impose relative myopic defocus on the peripheral retina via different optical designs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology

Zhong¹,

Chen²,

Xue³

et al. 2014

Optometry and Vision Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology

Zhong¹,

Chen²,

Xue³

et al. 2014

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…Regardless, there is much interest in the different patterns of peripheral refraction found in hyperopic and myopic eyes. In particular, because imposed defocus in the periphery can alter central refractive development in animals, 16, 34–36 it has been speculated that the pattern of peripheral refraction could influence central refractive development. 2 Specifically, it is possible that relative peripheral hyperopia typically exhibited by myopic eyes (at least in the horizontal meridian) 32, 37 could serve as a stimulus for myopia progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Local Myopic Defocus on Refractive Development in Monkeys

Smith¹,

Hung²,

Huang³

et al. 2013

Optometry and Vision Science

100

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Purpose Visual signals that produce myopia are mediated by local, regionally selective mechanisms. However, little is known about spatial integration for signals that slow eye growth. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effects of myopic defocus are integrated in a local manner in primates. Methods Beginning at 24±2 days of age, seven rhesus monkeys were reared with monocular spectacles that produced 3 D of relative myopic defocus in the nasal visual field of the treated eye, but allowed unrestricted vision in the temporal field (NF monkeys). Seven monkeys were reared with monocular +3 D lenses that produced relative myopic defocus across the entire field of view (FF monkeys). Comparison data from previous studies were available for 11 control monkeys, 8 monkeys that experienced 3 D of hyperopic defocus in the nasal field, and 6 monkeys exposed to 3 D of hyperopic defocus across the entire field. Refractive development, corneal power, and axial dimensions were assessed at 2- to 4-week intervals using retinoscopy, keratometry, and ultrasonography, respectively. Eye shape was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Results In response to full-field myopic defocus, the FF monkeys developed compensating hyperopic anisometropia, the degree of which was relatively constant across the horizontal meridian. In contrast, the NF exhibited compensating hyperopic changes in refractive error that were greatest in the nasal visual field. The changes in the pattern of peripheral refractions in the NF monkeys reflected interocular differences in vitreous chamber shape. Conclusions As with form deprivation and hyperopic defocus, the effects of myopic defocus are mediated by mechanisms that integrate visual signals in a local, regionally selective manner in primates. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that peripheral vision can influence eye shape and potentially central refractive error in a manner that is independent of central visual experience.

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“…Bifocal lenses can induce refractions that differ from those imposed centrally but are inconsistent with a strictly peripheral influence . Some results are consistent with increased depth of focus or spherical aberration reducing the signal to the direction of defocus centrally without producing form deprivation myopia …”

Section: Counterpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does peripheral retinal input explain the promising myopia control effects of corneal reshaping therapy (CRT or ortho‐K) & multifocal soft contact lenses?

Smith

Campbell²,

Irving

2013

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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In the following point-counterpoint article, internationally-acclaimed myopia researchers were challenged to defend the two opposing sides of the topic defined by the title; their contributions, which appear in the order Point followed by Counterpoint, were peer-reviewed by both the editorial team and an external reviewer. Independently of the invited authors, the named member of the editorial team provided an Introduction and Summary, both of which were reviewed by the other members of the editorial team. By their nature, views expressed in each section of the Point-Counterpoint article are those of the author concerned and may not reflect the views of all of the authors.

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Inhibition of Defocus-Induced Myopia in Chickens

Abstract: Citation: Woods J, Guthrie SE, Keir N, et al. Inhibition of defocus-induced myopia in chickens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology

Corneal Power Change Is Predictive of Myopia Progression in Orthokeratology

Effects of Local Myopic Defocus on Refractive Development in Monkeys

Does peripheral retinal input explain the promising myopia control effects of corneal reshaping therapy (CRT or ortho‐K) & multifocal soft contact lenses?

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