Inhibition of cytokine production by the herbicide atrazine

Devos, Stefanie; Bosscher, Karolien De; Staels, Bart; Bauer, Elisabeth B.; Roels, Frank; Berghe, Wim Vanden; Haegeman, Guy; Hooghe, Robert; Hooghe‐Peters, Elisabeth L.

doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(02)01507-1

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These results were a similar pattern to previous reports using different cell lines, different incubation time, or different assays (Berek et al, 2001;Devos et al, 2003;Minervini et al, 2005;Luongo et al, 2006;Vlata et al, 2006). When peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with ATZ for 3 days, ATZ exposure at 0.3 μM, 3 μM, and 30 μM concentrations caused the inhibition of cell proliferation by 78 ± 9, 57 ± 21 and 57 ± 24%, respectively, and less than 0.03 μM of ATZ had no effects at all (Devos et al, 2003). However, the present data showed that ATZ was less effective to the inhibition of Jurkat cell proliferation in the same range of concentrations or none at all.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…For example, after 2 days of ATZ exposure (0.3-3 μM) in human PBMCs, the production of IFNγ, IL-5 and TNFα were impaired by up to 70, 50 and 70% respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner (Hooghe et al, 2000). Similar in vitro experimental data also reported that the production of IFNγ, IL-5 and TNFα in human PBMCs was greatly reduced in the presence of 3 μM ATZ (Devos et al, 2003;Devos et al, 2004). PFOA given in the diet to mice caused thymic and splenic atrophy, decreasing the number of thymocytes and splenocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Among these, cytokines are secreted primarily by white blood cells, T lymphocytes, and epithelial cells (Abbas et al, 2007). Recent studies have suggested that the alterations of cytokine production could be a useful biomarker for environmental pollutant exposure (Camacho et al, 1999;Hooghe et al, 2000;Yang et al, 2000;Berek et al, 2001;Yang et al, 2001;Yang et al, 2002;Calemine et al, 2003;Devos et al, 2003;Devos et al, 2004;Luongo et al, 2006;Fairley et al, 2007). Thus, in order to evaluate the quantitative changes of cytokines after ATZ, PFOA and ZEA exposure, we investigated the changes in the interferon gamma (IFNγ, type 1 cytokine), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα, type 1 cytokine) and interleukin-5 (IL-5, type 2 cytokine) (Hooghe et al, 2000;Bullens et al, 2004;Namazi, 2004) levels after EDs exposure in Jurkat cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Atrazine, Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Zearalenone on IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-5 mRNA Expression in Jurkat Cells

Lee¹,

Son²,

Yoon³

et al. 2010

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

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-Cytokine production is a sensitive indicator for monitoring perturbations of the immune system by xenobiotics in animals and humans. In the present study, we evaluated the changes in IFNγ, IL-5 and TNFα mRNA expression after atrazine (ATZ), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) or zearalenone (ZEA) exposure in Jurkat cells. The IC50 (concentration for a 50% inhibition of cell proliferation) of PFOA and ZEA after 3 days culture were 226.6 μM and 52.6 μM, respectively. The effects of ATZ on cytokine expression followed in increasing order of IFNγ＞IL-5＞TNFα at 3 μM and at the lower concentrations the degree of effects on three cytokines were less clear between the cytokines when compared to control level. PFOA had marked increasing effect in order of IFNγ＞TNFα＞IL-5 mRNA expression at IC50, and these patterns were continued at the lower concentrations, IC50/2 and IC50/4. ZEA caused the overexpression of cytokine mRNAs in order of IL-5＞IFNγ＞TNFα at both IC50 and IC50/2, and at IC50/4 the overexpression order was IL-5＞TNFα. On other hand, IFNγ was less distinct compared to the control. These data indicate that ATZ, PFOA and ZEA caused the overtranscription of IFNγ, IL-5 and TNFα mRNA, and the overproduction of these cytokines may eventually lead to immune disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Atrazine, Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Zearalenone on IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-5 mRNA Expression in Jurkat Cells

Lee¹,

Son²,

Yoon³

et al. 2010

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

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“…Prior attempts to define subcellular targets for atrazine toxicity have met with limited success (Devos et al 2003). However, Roberge et al 2004 found that atrazine concentrations as low as 1μM cause reductions in the function of the phosphodiesterase enzyme (PDE) in a cell-free model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro atrazine-exposure inhibits human natural killer cell lytic granule release

Rowe

Brundage

Barnett

2007

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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The herbicide atrazine is a known immunotoxicant and an inhibitor of human Natural Killer (NK) cell lytic function. The precise changes in NK cell lytic function following atrazine exposure have not been fully elucidated. The current study identifies the point at which atrazine exerts its affect on the stepwise process of human NK cell mediated lyses of the K562 target cell line. Using intracellular staining of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, it was determined that a 24 h in vitro exposure to atrazine did not decrease the level of NK cell lytic proteins granzyme A, granzyme B or perforin. Thus, it was hypothesized that atrazine exposure was inhibiting the ability of the NK cells to bind to the target cell and subsequently inhibit the release of lytic protein from the NK cell. To test this hypothesis, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy were employed to analyze NK cell-target cell co-cultures following atrazine exposure. These assays demonstrated no significant decrease in the level of target cell binding. However, the levels of NK intracellular lytic protein retained and the amount of lytic protein released were assessed following a 4 h incubation with K562 target cells. The relative level of intracellular lytic protein was 25-50% higher, and the amount of lytic protein released was 55-65% less in atrazine treated cells than vehicle treated cells following incubation with the target cells. These results indicate that ATR exposure inhibits the ability of NK cells to lyse target cells by blocking lytic granule release without affecting the ability of the NK cell to form stable conjugates with target cells.

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“…A atrazina e a simazina são herbicidas que apresentam toxicidade alta, podendo causar doenças degenerativas em seres humanos entre elas o câncer de mama em mulheres e o câncer de próstata em homens (Devos et al, 2003). A atrazina e a simazina são excretadas pela urina e fezes.…”

Section: Toxicidade Da Atrazina E Da Simazinaunclassified

Cromatografia a líquido por injeção sequencial para a determinação de herbicidas triazínicos e metabólitos da atrazina explorando o uso de cela de longo caminho óptico e monitoramento on-line em estudos de adsorção

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Inhibition of cytokine production by the herbicide atrazine

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of Atrazine, Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Zearalenone on IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-5 mRNA Expression in Jurkat Cells

Effect of Atrazine, Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Zearalenone on IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-5 mRNA Expression in Jurkat Cells

In vitro atrazine-exposure inhibits human natural killer cell lytic granule release

Cromatografia a líquido por injeção sequencial para a determinação de herbicidas triazínicos e metabólitos da atrazina explorando o uso de cela de longo caminho óptico e monitoramento on-line em estudos de adsorção

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