Inhibition of chrysin on xanthine oxidase activity and its inhibition mechanism

Lin, Suyun; Zhang, Guowen; Liao, Yijing; Pan, Junhui

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.017

Cited by 66 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Reduced form of XOD consists of (4–6) electron and catalyzes the reaction of O 2 and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), while oxidize form consists of (1–2) electron and catalyzes the production of SO. Therefore, there are three reactions regarding the inhibitory activity of SO generation (a) retard the production of H 2 O 2 and O 2 ; (b) reduction reaction of XOD which only catalyzes the generation of H 2 O 2 ; (c) antioxidants also function as regents of SO scavenging activity (Figure b) (Lin, Zhang, Pan, & Gong, ; Lin, Zhang, Liao, & Pan, ). XOR is the main contributor to the production of ROS and UA (Harrison, ).…”

Section: A Brief Look On Xanthine Oxidoreductase (Xor) Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a,b) The three reaction catalyzed by XOD for superoxide anion generation inhibition. (a) XOD inhibition reaction with antioxidant, (b) reduction of XOD with antioxidant (c) Scavenging of superoxide anion with antioxidants (Figure a retrieve from PDB with PDB ID: 3NRZ whereas Figure b adopted from Lin, Zhang, Pan, & Gong, ; Lin, Zhang, Liao, & Pan, ) [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: A Brief Look On Xanthine Oxidoreductase (Xor) Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Binding of galangin with XOD results, the decreases in β‐sheet, β‐turn, increase α‐helix and random coil contents. In short, galangin binds competitively on active site of XOD at Mo center, hinders electron transfer, alternation in XOD structure results in blockage of oxygen linkage to FAD, which further leads to the obstruction of super anion generation (Lin, Zhang, Liao, & Pan, ; Lin, Zhang, Liao, Pan, & Gong, ; Lin, Zhang, Pan, et al., ; Zhang et al., ) also reported that several flavonols (galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, morin, myricetin, diosmetin, isorhamnetin, hyperin, and rutin) inhibit UA formation (strong to weak) by in‐vitro XOD assay.…”

Section: Natural Compounds: As a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural compounds with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity: A review

et al. 2019

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Hyperuricemia (HUA), a disease due to an elevation of body uric acid level and responsible for various diseases such as gout, cardiovascular disorders, and renal failure, is a major ground debate for the medical science these days. Considering the risk factors linked with allopathic drugs for the treatment of this disease, the debate has now become a special issue. Previously, we critically discussed the role of dietary polyphenols in the treatment of HUA. Besides dietary food plants, many researchers figure out the tremendous effects of medicinal plants‐derived phytochemicals against HUA. Keeping in mind all these aspects, we reviewed all possible managerial studies related to HUA through medicinal plants (isolated compounds). In the current review article, we comprehensively discussed various bioactive compounds, chemical structures, and structure–activity relationship with responsible key enzyme xanthine oxidase.

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Section: A Brief Look On Xanthine Oxidoreductase (Xor) Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Brief Look On Xanthine Oxidoreductase (Xor) Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Compounds: As a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural compounds with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity: A review

et al. 2019

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“…The active cavity of XOR is a long, narrow channel leading to the active site [31]. If the cavity is bound by an inhibitor, the channel and surrounding space are mostly plugged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the cavity is bound by an inhibitor, the channel and surrounding space are mostly plugged. It will hold up the landing of xanthine (substrate) and ultimately preventing its oxidation [31]. Natural products including flavonoids exhibit diversified bioactivities and lower toxicity compared with classical XOR inhibitors [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baicalein decreases uric acid and prevents hyperuricemic nephropathy in mice

et al. 2017

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Baicalein, a natural flavonoid, is structurally advantageous for binding to xanthine oxidoreductase. In our study, molecular docking analysis and Surface Plasmon Resonance revealed a direct interaction between baicalein and xanthine oxidoreductase. Moreover, 50 mg/kg/d baicalein treatment significantly suppressed the viability of xanthine oxidoreductase in hyperuricemia mouse model. The data showed that baicalein remarkably prevented renal dysfunction, ameliorated kidney fibrosis, alleviated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress in hyperuricemia mice. Thus, we concluded that baicalein executed a kidney-protection action in hyperuricemia and therefore may be used as a therapeutic alternative for hyperuricemic nephropathy.

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The Inhibitory Activity of Natural Products to Xanthine Oxidase

Zhou

Huang

2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The natural products have a new chemical structure and biological active diversity, so they are favored by scientific researchers. Gout is a high incidence and high-risk disease, and the current treatments are not satisfactory. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme responsible for the development and progression of various metabolic and oxidative stress-related diseases. Excessive activity of XO leads to elevated serum urate levels, which in turn leads to the development of hyperuricemia. This review mainly introduces the recent progress of the new research on the anti-gout activity of natural products that could provide new treatment methods for gout and information for the discovery and development of new antigout drugs.

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Inhibition of chrysin on xanthine oxidase activity and its inhibition mechanism

Cited by 66 publications

References 41 publications

Natural compounds with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity: A review

Natural compounds with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity: A review

Baicalein decreases uric acid and prevents hyperuricemic nephropathy in mice

The Inhibitory Activity of Natural Products to Xanthine Oxidase

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