Inhibition of CaCO₃scale formation in ground waters using mineral phosphates

Abstract

A B S T R AC TThe present work examines the effect of two mineral inhibitors on the CaCO 3 precipitation in two Algerian ground waters. The main objective was to reduce the scaling power and then to prevent the fouling phenomenon met in the equipments supplied by these waters. It was shown that, for a large rang of temperature, Hamma water is more scale-forming water than the one of Negrine because its lower content in foreign ions to the calcocarbonic system, especially magnesium. Chronoamperometry tests show that the antiscale treatment with mineral phosphates is more effi cient for the Hamma than Negrine water. Tested inhibitors affect strongly the nucleation-growth kinetics in the case of Hamma water and only the scale compactness in Negrine water. This was attributed to the difference in the chemical composition of the studied waters. Besides, it was shown that polyphosphate is more effi cient as scaling inhibitor than the dihydrogenophosphate ions.

How Can Additives Control the Early Stages of Mineralisation?

“…Additive-controlled mineralization, in the broadest sense, is central to various fields [1][2][3], ranging from biomineralisation [4][5][6][7][8] to scale inhibition [9][10][11]. It also touches upon materials chemistry, where the realisation of target-oriented synthetic routes to hybrid materials with advanced properties is every researcher's dream [12].…”

Investigation of Agricultural Waste as Economical and Effective Bio-Inhibitors for Inhibiting Scaling in Natural Hard Water

“…During decades, many researchers have investigated the scale deposits from natural, industrial, or synthetic waters [9][10][11][12], to hinder or control scaling process. The most common method that was investigated to avoid scale formation was the addition of chemical substances to the hard waters, that are known as chemical inhibitors [13][14][15][16].…”

Inhibition of CaCO3 growth in hard water by quercetin as green inhibitor

“…The use of chemical scale inhibitors is a common method to prevent scale formation, e.g. inorganic phosphates or green inhibitor (Boulahlib-Bendaoud et al, 2012;Menzri et al, 2017). In the past few years, green inhibitors (Hasson et al, 2011;Chaussemier et al, 2015), have raised great interest because there are biodegradable, non-toxic and do not affect environment (non-bioaccumulation; Anastas and Warner, 1998).…”