Inhibition of Breast Cancer Metastasis Via PITPNM3 by Pachymic Acid

Hong, Ri; Shen, Minhe; Xie, Xiaohong; Ruan, Shanming

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.5.1877

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Also, metastasis is a multistep process involving cell detachment from the primary tumor, extravasation, and invasion to the secondary organ (Lv et al, 2011;Li et al, 2014). During the metastasis process, the oncogenes are activated and the tumor suppressor genes are inactivated, which may be responsible for breast cancer metastasis (Hong et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2013;Cao et al, 2014). Promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes is one of the ways to suppress its expression during the breast cancer metastasis (Lv et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breast cancer metastasis is a major cause for the failure of treatment in women, making it crucial to identify proteins and signaling pathways involved in tumor cell dissemination (Hong et al, 2012;Truong et al, 2014). Also, metastasis is a multistep process involving cell detachment from the primary tumor, extravasation, and invasion to the secondary organ (Lv et al, 2011;Li et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypermethylation of TET1 Promoter Is a New Diagnosic Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis

Sang

Cheng²,

Tang³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Breast cancer metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related death in women. However, markers for diagnosis of breast cancer metastasis are rare. Here, we reported that TET1, a tumor suppressor gene, was downregulated and hypermethylated in highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, silencing of TET1 in breast cancer cells increased the migration and spreading of breast cancer cells. In breast cancer clinical samples, TET1 expression was reduced in LN metastases compared with primary tissues. Besides, the methylation level of the TET1 promoter was increased significantly in LN metastases. Taken together, these findings indicate that promoter hypermethylation may contribute to the downregulation of TET1 and could be used as a promising marker for diagnosis in patients with breast cancer metastasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypermethylation of TET1 Promoter Is a New Diagnosic Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis

Sang

Cheng²,

Tang³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Natural products have a critical role as an effective source of antitumor agents. Although PA is a promising bioactive molecule, which possesses an anti-carcinogenic activity in numerous types of cancer (12,17,18), the biological activity of PA in gastric cancer is poorly understood. In present study, the data indicated that PA was able to inhibit cell viability in a concentration-and time-dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pachymic acid inhibits growth and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer SGC‑7901 cells

Sun

Xiao

2018

Oncol Lett

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The aim of the present study was to elucidate the anticancer effect of pachymic acid (PA) in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Cell Count kit-8 assay was performed to examine the effect of PA on the cell proliferation of SGC-7901 cells. Cell cycle, cell apoptosis, mitochondria membrane potential (Dψm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis were assessed by flow cytometry, respectively. DNA fragmentation assay was performed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Western blotting was performed to detect the effect of various concentrations of PA on the levels of BCL2 associated X protein (Bax) expression as well as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cytochrome C (cyt-c) and caspase-3 in SGC-7901 cells. It was demonstrated that PA was able to significantly inhibit the viability and induce G/G cell cycle arrest of SGC-7901 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The apoptotic rate and ROS generation were markedly increased, while Dψm was decreased following the treatment of SGC-7901 cells with various concentrations of PA. Moreover, the expression of Bax, cytochrome c and caspase-3 were markedly increased and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was significantly inactivated and BCL-2 expression was decreased following PA treatment in SGC-7901 cells. Notably, JAK2 inhibitor (AG490) mimics the effects of PA on the viability and apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. Further study indicated that treatment with PA significantly inhibited the growth of tumor in nude mice that were transplanted with SGC-7901 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. These results may advance the current understanding of the anticancer mechanisms of PA in gastric cancer.

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“…Poria cocos (also known as Wolfiporia extensa) is a medicinal mushroom in the Polyporaceae family that grows in pine trees and its sclerotium is widely used in traditional Asian medicine for its sedative, diuretic, digestive and tonic effects (6)(7)(8). Although the anticancer activity of polysaccharides extracted from P. cocos is associated with the stimulation of immune response and these polysaccharides significantly enhance immunopotentiation (9), triterpenes isolated from P. cocos have a direct inhibitory effect on cancer cells through a variety of mechanisms including inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and suppression of invasive behavior (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). However the effect of triterpenes from P. cocos against pancreatic cancer remains to be evaluated and the mechanism determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenes from Poria cocos suppress growth and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells through the downregulation of MMP-7

CHENG¹,

Eliaz²,

LIN³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Oncology

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Abstract. Poria cocos is a medicinal mushroom that is widely used in traditional Asian medicine. Here, we show that a characterized mixture of triterpenes extracted from P. cocos (PTE) and three purified triterpenes: pachymic acid (PA), dehydropachymic acid (DPA) and polyporenic acid C (PPAC) suppress the proliferation of the human pancreatic cancer cell lines Panc-1, MiaPaca-2, AsPc-1 and BxPc-3. Moreover, the most effective compound, PA, only slightly affects the proliferation of HPDE-6 normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells. The antiproliferative effects of PTE on BxPc-3 cells are mediated by the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. DNA microarray analysis demonstrated that PTE significantly downregulates the expression of KRAS and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) in BxPc-3 cells. In addition, PTE and PA suppress the invasive behavior of BxPc-3 cells. The inhibition of invasiveness by PTE and PA was associated with the reduction of MMP-7 at the protein level and the role of MMP-7 further confirmed by the gene silencing of MMP-7 which also suppressed the invasiveness of BxPc-3 cells. In conclusion, triterpenes from P. cocos demonstrate anticancer and anti-invasive effects on human pancreatic cancer cells and can be considered as new therapeutic agents in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

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Inhibition of Breast Cancer Metastasis Via PITPNM3 by Pachymic Acid

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

Hypermethylation of TET1 Promoter Is a New Diagnosic Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis

Hypermethylation of TET1 Promoter Is a New Diagnosic Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis

Pachymic acid inhibits growth and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in gastric cancer SGC‑7901 cells

Triterpenes from Poria cocos suppress growth and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells through the downregulation of MMP-7

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