Inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase by ethidium bromide

Sarih, Leila; Hevia-Campos, E.; Tharaud, Danielle; Litvak, Simón

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(80)80411-x

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Phenanthridinium derivatives related to ethidium are clearly of interest for the development of RNA-specific antiviral drugs. It is significant that ethidium has shown antiviral activity against murine sarcoma virus (Roa & Bose, 1974), avian sarcoma virus (Guntaka et al, 1975), avian myeoloblastosis virus (Sarih et al, 1980), and C-type virus (Avery & Levy, 1979). We have tested a number of anthraquinone derivatives related to adriamycin (11) and mitoxantrone (9), and all show significantly better binding to DNA than to RNA. Threading intercalators in group III intercalate with RNA as with DNA, but of the compounds that we have tested, none show strong RNA-selective interactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The search for structure-specific nucleic acid-interactive drugs: Effects of compound structure on RNA versus DNA interaction strength

Wilson¹,

Ratmeyer²,

Zhao³

et al. 1993

Biochemistry

410

231

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The RNA genomes of a number of pathogenic RNA viruses, such as HIV-1, have extensive folded conformations with imperfect A-form duplexes that are essential for virus function and could serve as targets for structure-specific antiviral drugs. As an initial step in the discovery of such drugs, the interactions with RNA of a wide variety of compounds, which are known to bind to DNA in the minor groove, by classical or by threading intercalation, have been evaluated by thermal melting and viscometric analyses. The corresponding sequence RNA and DNA polymers, poly(A).poly(U) and poly(dA).poly(dT), were used as test systems for analysis of RNA binding strength and selectivity. Compounds that bind exclusively in the minor groove in AT sequences of DNA (e.g., netropsin, distamycin, and a zinc porphyrin derivative) do not have significant interactions with RNA. Compounds that bind in the minor grove in AT sequences of DNA but have other favorable interactions in GC sequences of DNA (e.q., Hoechst 33258, DAPI, and other aromatic diamidines) can have very strong RNA interactions. A group of classical intercalators and a group of intercalators with unfused aromatic ring systems contain compounds that intercalate and have strong interactions with RNA. At this time, no clear pattern of molecular structure that favors RNA over DNA interactions for intercalators has emerged. Compounds that bind to DNA by threading intercalation generally bind to RNA by the same mode, but none of the threading intercalators tested to date have shown selective interactions with RNA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The search for structure-specific nucleic acid-interactive drugs: Effects of compound structure on RNA versus DNA interaction strength

Wilson¹,

Ratmeyer²,

Zhao³

et al. 1993

Biochemistry

410

231

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The drug exhibits a wide range of detrimental biological activities including inhibition of replication (Henderson, 1963), transcription (Richardson, 1973), recombination (Seto & Tomasz, 1977, self-splicing (Tanner & Cech, 1985), and ribosome function (Burma et al, 1978). The molecule also has potent antiviral activity (Vilagines, 1966) probably due in part to its ability to inhibit retroviral reverse transcription (Sarih et al, 1980) and possibly RNA methylation (Liau et al, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of ethidium ion to left-handed Z-RNA induces a cooperative transition to right-handed RNA at the intercalation site

Cc¹,

Gt²,

Tinoco³

1988

Biochemistry

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The equilibrium binding of the ethidium cation (Etd+) to the right-handed A-form of poly-[r(C-G)], the B-form of poly[d(C-G)], and the left-handed Z-forms of Br-poly[r(C-G)] and Br-poly[d(C-G)] was investigated in 0.22 M NaCl by optical methods. Scatchard analysis indicates that Etd+ intercalates into right-handed forms of poly[r(C-G)] and poly[d(C-G)] in a noncooperative manner. Correlation of Etd+ absorbance binding isotherms and polynucleotide circular dichroism data indicates that drug binding to Br-poly[r(C-G) and Br-poly[d(C-G)] results in cooperative conversion from left-handed Z-forms to right-handed intercalated conformations. Approximate stoichiometries necessary to induce the left- to right-handed transitions are 1 Etd+/9 base pairs (bp) for Z-RNA and 1 Etd+/6 bp for Z-DNA. The apparent limiting binding stoichiometries are approximately 1 Etd+/3 bp for RNA and 1 Etd+/2 bp for DNA. The equilibrium binding constants for binding to the right-handed forms decrease in the order Br-poly[d(C-G)], Br-poly[r(C-G)], poly[d(C-G)], and poly[r(C-G)]. Thermodynamic parameters are obtained by van't Hoff analysis of Etd+ absorbance thermal dissociation data. Enthalpy values for all four polynucleotides are negative and of similar magnitude. Negative entropy values indicate that the binding processes are primarily enthalpically driven.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Differential sensitivity to ethidium bromide of replicative DNA synthesis and bleomycin-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in permeable mouse sarcoma cells1

Seki

Oda

1984

Experientia

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Replicative DNA synthesis in permeable mouse sarcoma cells was more sensitive to ethidium bromide (EtBr) than bleomycin-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS). A similar difference in sensitivity to EtBr was observed between DNA polymerases alpha and beta. The difference in sensitivity to EtBr of replicative DNA synthesis and UDS in the present system seems to reflect mainly the sensitivity difference between DNA polymerases alpha and beta.

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Inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase by ethidium bromide

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

The search for structure-specific nucleic acid-interactive drugs: Effects of compound structure on RNA versus DNA interaction strength

The search for structure-specific nucleic acid-interactive drugs: Effects of compound structure on RNA versus DNA interaction strength

Binding of ethidium ion to left-handed Z-RNA induces a cooperative transition to right-handed RNA at the intercalation site

Differential sensitivity to ethidium bromide of replicative DNA synthesis and bleomycin-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in permeable mouse sarcoma cells1

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