Inhibition of Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) Hatching at Low pH

Peterson, Richard H.; Daye, P. G.; Metcalfe, J. L.

doi:10.1139/f80-103

Cited by 90 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Some authors confirm that deformations may result from various disturbances caused by low pH. These disturbances are due to extension of hatching process (Trojnar , 1977, Peterson et al 1980 and small volume of the eggs which might have been a factor preventing normal movements and reducing the diffusion of embryo metabolites (Runn et al 1977;Kugel et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reduction in pH decreases this activity (Yamagami, 1973, Hagenmaier, 1974Waiwood and Haya, 1983;Kugel et al 1990). Peterson (1980) noted DEVELOPMENT OF GRASS CARP, CTENOPHARYNGODONIDELLA that low pH might have induced some changes in the structure of the chorion making it more difficult to break. Larvae remain encapsulated and can't hatch Garside, 1979, Kwain andRose 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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THE INFLUENCE OF WATER pHONTHE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF GRASS CARP, TENOPHARYNGODONIDELL4

El‐Fiky

2002

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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T his study was conducted to evaluate the effect of water pH on embryonic development of grass carp {Ctenopharyngodon idella). Eggs of grass carp were incubated in different levels of acidic and alkaline water. The general embryonic development was described briefly. Moreover, details were given as to the epiboly stage.The effect of the following pH values was tested: acidic water (4.5, 5.0 and 5.5) and alkaline water (9.5,10.0, and 10.5) on the embryonic development. Acidification and alkalization caused disturbances in cleavage and blastula formation and delay of hatching. At pH 4.5 and 10.5, there were no live eggs in 20h after fertilization. Mortality during the development indicate that the most sensitive stages were embryos just after fertilization and at hatching period. This study indicates that embryonic development of grass carp was possible within the range of pH 5.5 -9.5, although at the extreme pH levels, certain disturbances and increased mortality occurred. The changes and anomalies during development might have caused larva mortality during hatching. Survival of the embryos was calculated during development The percent of hatched eggs was calculated in relation to the number of fertilized eggs. The highest percentages of dead embryos were noticed at the extreme pH (4.5) and pH (10.5). The highest percentage of eyed embryos were recorded at pH (5.5) and pH (lO.O).The quality of the hatched larvae in abnormal levels of pH was worse compared to the control. They died gradually from the beginning of rearing in neutral water.Light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effect of abnormal pH on the development of free neuromasts and structure of the eye. Excessive number of free neuromasts were found on the head region of hatched larvae incubated at alkaline pH. Differentiation of retina was inhibited at the 234 Nabil K. EL-Fiky same condition. Acidic pH caused partially delaminated lens epithelium and reduce the number of chromatophores .However, in the view of the results obtained, it can be stated that, even a short-term change of pH (resulting from industrial sewege) may adversely influence fish population, especially if occurs during embryonic development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE INFLUENCE OF WATER pHONTHE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF GRASS CARP, TENOPHARYNGODONIDELL4

El‐Fiky

2002

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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“…Salmonid populations are most vulnerable to acidification during egg development or the transition to exogenous feeding (Peterson et al, 1980;Lacroix et al, 1985), especially in streams draining upland catchments which receive significant inputs of acidic deposition and are subject to more intense episodic chemistry than in lakes. Such acidic episodes can have detrimental affects on fish, subjecting them to toxic concentrations of acidity and aluminium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating episodicity into estimates of Critical Loads for juvenile salmonids in Scottish streams

Bridcut

McNish

Harriman

2004

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Critical Load (CL) methodology is currently used throughout Europe to assess the risks of ecological damage due to sulphur and nitrogen emissions. Critical acid neutralising capacity (ANC CRIT ) is used in CL estimates for freshwater systems as a surrogate for biological damage. Although UK CL maps presently use an ANC value of 0 meq l 1 , this value has been based largely on Norwegian lake studies, in which brown trout is chosen as a representative indicator organism. In this study, an ANC value specific for brown trout in Scottish streams was determined and issues were addressed such as salmon and trout sensitivity in streams, episodicity, afforestation and complicating factors such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and labile aluminium (Al-L). Catchments with significant forest cover were selected to provide fishless sites and to provide catchment comparisons in unpolluted areas. Chemical factors were the primary determinant with land use a secondary determinant of the distribution of salmonid populations at the twenty-six study sites. ANC explained more variance in brown trout density than pH. The most significant index of episodicity was percent of time spent below an ANC of 0 meql -1 . An ANC CRIT value of 39 meql -1 was obtained based on a 50% probability of brown trout occurrence. The use of this revised ANC CRIT value in the CL equation improved the relationship between trout status and exceedance of CLs. Uncertainties associated with variations in Al-L at any fixed ANC CRIT , particularly within forested catchments, and the role of DOC in modifying the toxicity of Al-L are discussed.

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“…La sensibilité des poissons d'eau douce à l'acidification des eaux -l'une des principales menaces qui pèsent sur l'environnement (Fromm, 1980 ;SNSF Pro-ject, 1980 ;Haines, 1981 ;Howells et al, 1983) (Peterson et al, 1980 ;Johansson et al, 1981 ;Daye, 1980 ;Rombough, 1983 ;Geen et al, 1985). Si un tel rôle existe, la fécondation doit aussi constituer une période sensible, car l'action des eaux acides est alors favorisée par l'existence de l'ouverture micropylaire (Kudo, 1980) et surtout par l'appel d'eau qui est lié au gonflement de l'oeuf (Devillers et al, 1953 ;Thomopoulos, 1953 ;Soin, 1977, Peterson et Martin-Robichaud, 1982).…”

unclassified

“…Suivant les pH choisis, nous avons utilisé : l'acide acétique (pH 3,5 à 5,0) ; la 4-3 amino-propylmorpholine (pH 6,2) ; l'éthylène diamine (pH 6,6-7,0 (Ridgway et al, 1977 ;Gilkey et al, 1978, 19811. En milieu acide (Gilkey, 1983) (Peterson, et al, 1980 ;Johanson et al, 19811. Les fluctuations cycliques de la to%rance embryonnaire au cours de la segmentation présentent un rythme comparable à celui observé par Ignatieva (1974) pour le cycle des blastomères. Les premières divisions de segmentation sont remarquablement synchrones (Dondua et al, 1976 ;Rott, 1979Rott, , 1980 : il paraît donc logique d'attribuer les fluctuations de la tolérance embryonnaire à des variations sousjacentes de la tolérance cellulaire.…”

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Tolérance physiologique de l'œuf de carpe (Cyprinus carpio L.) à un choc acide appliqué au cours de l'activation, ou pendant les premières divisions de segmentation

Desira¹,

Roubaud²,

Chaillou³

et al. 1986

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. Physiological tolerance of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) eggs in response to acid shock during activation or early cleavage.The tolerance of common carp eggs to a short acid shock (10-30 min) was studied by plunging the eggs in a strongly buffered acid solution during their activation or cleavage.Egg tolerance increased during activation ; its cyclic pattern then followed the rhythm of segmentation division. Egg sensitivity depended on shock duration, pH value and buffering strength of the acid solution. Egg tolerance was very high at the end of epiboly. During the first cycle of tolerance variation, an increase in shock strength (low pH) or duration caused asymmetrical widening of the cyclic sensitivity peaks.The tolerance cycle did not appear to fluctuate in all of the trials. The results have been interpreted in relation to some processes involved in egg activation (water inflow through the shell, variation in membrane permeability, calcium wave within the cytoplasm) or to the existence of an acid-sensitive phase in the blastomere cell cycle during synchronous cleavage.Introduction.

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Inhibition of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Hatching at Low pH

Cited by 90 publications

References 1 publication

THE INFLUENCE OF WATER pHONTHE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF GRASS CARP, TENOPHARYNGODONIDELL4

THE INFLUENCE OF WATER pHONTHE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF GRASS CARP, TENOPHARYNGODONIDELL4

Incorporating episodicity into estimates of Critical Loads for juvenile salmonids in Scottish streams

Tolérance physiologique de l'œuf de carpe (Cyprinus carpio L.) à un choc acide appliqué au cours de l'activation, ou pendant les premières divisions de segmentation

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