Inhibition of Apoptosis and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Embelin

Abstract

Purpose: Embelin is a major active ingredient of Embelia ribes Burm, belonging to Myrsinaceae, and an important traditional medicinal plant of Indian origin. Embelin has been studied for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects. However, there have been no studies on the use of cosmetic raw materials for embelin. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the inhibition of apoptosis and the anti-inflammatory effect to confirm the possibility of embelin as a cosmetic material. Methods: Cell viability was measured by using water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to quantitatively analyze the gene expression patterns of embelin-induced inhibition of apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Apoptosis enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to confirm the degree of apoptosis. 5,5', 6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1', 3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbo cyanine iodide (JC-1) mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit was used to measure mitochondrial membrane potential. Results: The WST-1 assay confirmed that the reduced cell viability by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) was restored by embelin in a concentration-dependent manner. H 2 O 2-induced apoptosis was restored by embelin, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) gene expression was decreased and mitochondrial membrane potential difference was increased in a concentration dependent manner. It was confirmed that embelin inhibits apoptosis in HDFs treated with H 2 O 2. In order to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of embelin in H 2 O 2-treated human dermal fibroblasts, gene expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin 6 (IL6), which induce inflammation, was examined and found to be decreased by embelin in a concentration dependent manner. Conclusion: These results suggest that embelin has a potential as an anti-aging cosmetic ingredient with inhibition of apoptosis and anti-inflammatory properties.

Skin Soothing Effect of Three Herbs from the Namwon-Mt.Jiri Regions

“…그로 인해 각질층의 수분함유가 감소되고, 수분손실량 증가 로 건조함, 소양증으로 이어져 염증반응이 유발된다. 염증반응이 일어 나게 되면 대식세포가 활성화되며 nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL), prostaglandin (PG)와 같 은 염증성 매개체들의 생성이 증가된다 (Lee et al, 2017;Yong et al, 2018;Han, 2021). 피부에 염증이 유발되면 구진, 모세혈관 확장 증, 홍조, 아토피 등이 유발되어 피부질환으로 확장된다 (Sandilands et al, 2009).…”