Inhibition of andrographolide in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage osteoclastogenesis by downregulating the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study aims to investigate the effects of andrographolide (AGP) on osteoclast formation in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. The effects of AGP on cell viability were determined in RAW 264.7 cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The effects of AGP on osteoclast formation were tested by osteoclast staining with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The effects of AGP on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) ligand (RANKL)-induced, NF-kappaB-dependent transcription in RAW 264.7 cells were assessed using luciferase reporter assays. The results demonstrated that the viability of osteoclast precursor RAW 264.7 cells was not affected by AGP treatment at a concentration of 0.4 to 10 μM. Additionally, the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts was significantly reduced by the same concentrations of AGP treatment. AGP also inhibited RANKL-induced NF-kappaB activation in a dose-dependent 15955-15961 (2015) fashion as evidenced by luciferase reporter assays. In summary, this study demonstrates that AGP inhibits osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells through downregulation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.

Advances in ameliorating inflammatory diseases and cancers by andrographolide: Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and perspective

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“…Wong et al found that andrographolide restored dexamethasone's inhibitory impact on LPS/IFN‐induced IL‐27 production 78 . Ren et al showed that andrographolide inhibited osteolysis by blocking NF‐κB pathway 79 . These results confirm the vital role of andrographolide in regulating macrophage function.…”

Andrographolide prevents bone loss via targeting estrogen‐related receptor‐α‐regulated metabolic adaption of osteoclastogenesis

“…Additionally, andrographolide prevents inflammatory bone loss induced by LPS (Zhai et al, 2014). Importantly, it has been reported that andrographolide inhibits osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells through downregulation of the NF‐κB signalling pathway (Ren & Zhou, 2015). On the other hand, andrographolide has the beneficial effect of osteoblast differentiation (Jiang et al, 2015; Yongyun et al, 2019).…”

DNA damage repair promotion in colonic epithelial cells by andrographolide downregulated cGAS‒STING pathway activation and contributed to the relief of CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis

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