Inhibition of aldehyde reductase isoenzymes in human and rat brain

Ris, Margret M.; Deitrich, Richard A.; Wartburg, Jean‐Pierre von

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(75)90405-0

Cited by 63 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Measurement of RBC count, HCT also sometimes referred to as a PCV, and HGB can be used to determine anemia which could be due to a decrease in the total number of erythrocytes, MCV, MCH or MCHC [15][16][17]. More recently RDW-CV, automated parameter providing information on the degree of variation of individual red cell size, has been used in conjunction with the traditional red cell indices in order to narrow down the possible causes of anaemia in an individual patient [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently RDW-CV, automated parameter providing information on the degree of variation of individual red cell size, has been used in conjunction with the traditional red cell indices in order to narrow down the possible causes of anaemia in an individual patient [17]. The mitotic capacity of different hematopoietic cell lineages predominates in marrow at different times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Debebe¹,

Afework²,

Makonnen³

et al. 2017

J Clinic Toxicol

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Albizia gummifera are plants found in Ethiopia that have different medicinal values.The objective of the present study was to evaluate the toxicological effects of sub-chronic administered hydro-ethanolic (70%) seeds extract of Albizia gummiferain albino Wistar rats. The seeds of these plants were collected from different areas of Ethiopia. They were dried and crushed to powder and macerated with hydro-alcohol and placed in orbital shaker. The extract was then filtered through Whatman filter paper No.1 and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness by Rota vapor and further concentrated by water bath at 40ºC. The extract was packed in air tight brown glass bottles and kept in a refrigerator at 4ºC. The extract was then administered to rats at different doses to determine the LD 50 of the extract and at doses of 125 mg/kg/day and 250 mg/kg/day for the sub-chronic toxicity study. The LD 50 of Albizzia gummifera were found as 4000 mg/kg and 3500 mg/kg, respectively. Statistically significant difference in body weight was observed in female rats in the 10 th week at 250 mg/kg body weight of seeds extract of Albizia gummifera administered group and in the male rats at lowest dose during the 9 th and 10 th weeks of administration period for seeds extract of Millettia ferruginea.The seeds extract of Albizia gummifera statistically decreased (p ≤ 0.05) MCHin the male rats at both doses; MCHC at both 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg in the female rats; and MCH in the female rats at higher dose and increased RDW-CV in the male rats at both doses. It increased NEUT at the highest dose in both females and males. The seeds extract of Millettia ferruginea decreased (p ≤ 0.05) in the MCHC and MONO of female rats at the highest doses. ALP, ALT and urea were found significant in the female rats administered with 250 mg/kg of seeds extract. While, seeds extract of Albizia gummifera increased only urea in male rats at 250 mg/kg. Some histopathological changes in liver and kidney were also observed for both plants extracts. There were inflammations, congestions and focal hepatocellular necrosis of the liver tissue. The extracts also produced atrophyof the glomeruli of the kidney. The observed changes in both of the plant seeds extract might have resulted because of the presence of some bioactive ingredients in the extract. Therefore, the active ingredients which might be responsible for toxic insult should be researched with their mechanisms of actions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Debebe¹,

Afework²,

Makonnen³

et al. 2017

J Clinic Toxicol

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“…NASH. Saturated fatty acids are capable of directly activate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) [97,98]. that include marine n-3 PUFAs; these are also ligands for CB1 and CB2 receptors and have strong 516…”

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confidence: 99%

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

2018

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“…Finally, at the local hospital or clinic level, CEA showing number of cases diagnosed will justify the choice of the best glaucoma screening program [57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. That said, all HEE are prone to various uncertainties and should be subjected to appropriate sensitivity analysis before conclusions can be drawn.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Economic Evaluation: A Primer for Healthcare Professionals

Leung¹

2016

Primary Health Care

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Fundamental Concepts Costs, benefits, supply and demandIn any non-utopic society, resources (or goods) are finite (hence scarce) and they are constantly distributed to individuals to satisfy their needs (wants and preferences). Resources have to be produced (by sellers) to replenish consumption by individuals(consumers), who willingly let go of other resources (money) to accrue the resource(s) of their preference (consumer choice). Such transaction (bought and sold) between a consumer and seller is a re-allocation of resources (supplier's good versus consumer's money) at a mutually agreed price, where consumers' willingness to pay meets sellers 'willingness to accept. Here, consumers enjoy a benefit from the good/service by paying sellers the costs of the goods. In any market free from monopoly or regulation, this transaction price indicates equilibrium between supply and demand ( Figure 1).However, when more than one individual consume the same set of resources, competition will arise: as the net resources decrease the equilibrium price will shift, so that only the individual(s) who can now pay a higher price will continue to consume the decreasing resources. On the contrary, when resources become more available than needed, an excess will be left around and hence the demand falls and pulls down the equilibrium price. John Locke, an English philosopher and physician, first described this inverse supply-demand relationship in his writings in 1691, but the actual term "supply and demand" was not coined until 1767 by Denham-Steuart and Adam Smith, in his famous work of "the Wealth of Nations" [1,2]. By definition, supply and demand for any resource or commodity are susceptible to external constraints like weather (under-or over-production) and disasters that will compromise human viability (under-demand of luxurious items and over-demand of basic commodities) (Figure 2). Scenarios when supply and demand curves shift. For a commodity X in a society, there exists an equilibrium where supply curve S1 intersects demand curve D1, at the agreedutility(price) of U3 for a Q4 quantity of X. An epidemic came killing 15% of population and sent the economy to recession, shifting the demand curve for X to the left to D2 (now less people in total and less money earned). If the supply remained the same S1, it will be relatively in excess and hence the agreed utility (price) will fall to U4 for a lesser quantity of X (Q3). Now, if the production of X also fell, the supply curve will be shifted up to S2(harder to produce the same unit of good/service), leading to a higher agreed utility/price of U2 for a much less quantity of X.(Q1). AbstractIn its broadest term, economic evaluation (EE) is a comparative analysis of the input (costs) and the output (consequences, outcomes) of two or more alternatives to see if they are economically beneficial or feasible. The earliest form of economic evaluation took place in mid-19th century and since then; three main forms of EE have evolved which are employed in various settings: cost-benefit ...

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Inhibition of aldehyde reductase isoenzymes in human and rat brain

Cited by 63 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Evaluations of Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Parameters of Subchronic Administration of Ethanol Extract of Albizia Gummifera Seed in Albino Wistar Rat

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Health Economic Evaluation: A Primer for Healthcare Professionals

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