Inhibition effects of pesticides on glutathione‐S‐transferase enzyme activity of Van Lake fish liver

Abstract

Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) have a function in xenobiotic metabolism. They are a significant multifunctional family with a wide variety of catalytic activities. In the current study, we determined in vitro inhibition effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid dimethylamine salt (2,4-D DMA), haloxyfop-P-methyl, glyphosate isopropylamine, dichlorvos, and λ-cyhalothrin on purified GST. For this purpose, GST were purified from Van Lake fish (Chalcalburnus tarichii Pallas) liver with 29.25 EU mg specific activity and 10.76% yield using GSH-agarose affinity chromatographic method. The pesticides were tested at various concentrations on in vitro GST activity. K constants were calculated as 0.17 ± 0.01, 0.25 ± 0.05, 3.72 ± 0.32, 0.42 ± 0.06, and 0.025 ± 0.004 mM, for 2,4-D DMA, haloxyfop-P-methyl, glyphosate isopropylamine, dichlorvos, and λ-cyhalothrin, respectively. λ-Cyhalothrin showed a better inhibitory effect compared to the other pesticides. The inhibition mechanisms of λ-cyhalothrin were competitive, while the other pesticides were noncompetitive.

Investigation of the effects of hesperidin administration on abamectin‐induced testicular toxicity in rats through oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and JAK2/STAT3 pathways

“…This contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of various diseases in living beings 1–3 . One of the factors that cause environmental pollution is pesticides 4,5 . In order to meet the needs of the world's increasing population, it is necessary to increase agricultural productivity and minimize crop losses.…”

In silico prediction, characterization and molecular docking studies on Glutathione-S-transferase as a molecular sieve for toxic agrochemicals explored in survey of North Indian farmers

“…GSTs were used as a target protein in the current study to identify its prominent binding sites with 58 chemicals documented and in-silico screened. GSTs are multi-functional detoxification iso-enzymes and have a crucial role in cellular signalling ( Özaslan et al., 2018 ). Among the five chemicals, three were binding more strongly to the target protein and shows aromatic interaction plays an essential role in the ligand-protein interface.…”

Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into Hepatic Responses to Trichloroisocyanuric Acid Exposure in Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

“…Among these pathways, most of the detoxificationrelated genes, such as GSTs, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, epoxide hydrolase, carbonyl reductase, and flavin-containing monooxygenase, were significantly upregulated (Table S4). GSTs are significant enzymes for the metabolism of xenobiotics in phase II, which can catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic centers of xenobiotic substrates for detoxification [31]. Epoxide hydrolase, carbonyl reductase, and flavin-containing monooxygenase are important phase I detoxification enzymes, which might convert xenobiotics into less toxic and non-toxic compounds [32,33].…”