Inhibiting microbial adhesion to denture base acrylic resin by titanium dioxide coating

Abstract

Mechanical cleaning of dentures is effective in preventing infections such as aspiration pneumonia and denture stomatitis. For denture wearers with a physical handicap and the elderly, however, mechanical cleaning can present problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coating denture base acrylic resin with titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) in the inhibition of oral microbial adhesion. We prepared uniformly sized acrylic resin plates (10 mm x 10 mm x 0.5 mm), which were divided into two groups (a non-coated group and a TiO(2)-coated group). The plates were immersed in cultured Streptococcus sanguinis or Candida albicans and incubated for 24 h. After incubation, each plate was washed to remove loosely adherent microorganisms, and then incubated for a further 24 h. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content of the microorganisms was evaluated using a reagent containing benzalkonium, which extracts intra-cellular ATP. In addition, to determine biofilm formation, we also observed each plate by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We found that the ATP content of both S. sanguinis and C. albicans was reduced by the TiO(2) coating (P = 0.000). Observation by SEM confirmed that the TiO(2) coating inhibited biofilm formation. The results indicate that a TiO(2) coating on a denture base acrylic resin inhibits adhesion of S. sanguinis and C. albicans.

Cold plasma-induced surface modification of heat-polymerized acrylic resin and prevention of early adherence of <i>Candida albicans </i>

“…However, it also resulted in dimensional changes and color instability 31) . Recently, various coating approaches were developed and applied to denture base materials to increase surface hydrophilicity, with proven efficacy in reducing Candida albicans adherence 24,27,32) . However, the coating layers were not stable.…”

Effect of different initial finishes and Parylene coating thickness on the surface properties of coated PMMA

“…In order to overcome this issue a number of researchers developed techniques and applied different coating materials, such as titanium dioxide, oils, monomers, or high polymerized glaze. [23][24][25][26] All of these coatings presented issues such as discoloration of the denture material, limited short-term improvement of its mechanical properties, or questionable longevity in the oral environment, preventing them from becoming established. [23][24][25][26] Parylene, the trade name of poly para-xylylene, refers to a family of polymers used as coating materials because of their unique ability to create a protective layer on various surfaces.…”

“…[23][24][25][26] All of these coatings presented issues such as discoloration of the denture material, limited short-term improvement of its mechanical properties, or questionable longevity in the oral environment, preventing them from becoming established. [23][24][25][26] Parylene, the trade name of poly para-xylylene, refers to a family of polymers used as coating materials because of their unique ability to create a protective layer on various surfaces. 27 Parylene is synthesized by vapor deposition polymerization 28,29 and can form a film of uniform thickness, which is almost impermeable to moisture, [30][31][32] biocompatible, chemically inert, and thermally stable.…”

Color and gloss evaluation of titanium dioxide coating for acrylic resin denture base

“…However, it has additionally been reported that there is no correlation between the surface roughness and microbial adhesion [22]. It has already reported that this coating has effects to suppress microbial adhesion [7]. Based on these information, surface hydrophilicity of this coating may affect the suppressing effect of microbial adhesion against increasing of surface roughness.…”

“…Therefore, to improve the quality of the surface of resin, the titanium dioxide coating is used . The titanium dioxide coating on acrylic resin denture bases improves wettability, reduces adhesion of food bolus [6], and suppresses adhesion of bacteria and fungi [7]. We have reported that the use of a primer agent, which primarily consists of acryloxypropyl methoxysilane, for pre-treatment of the titanium dioxide coating affords durability of the titanium dioxide coating against brushing [8].…”