Inheriting the Golgi

Roth, Michael G.

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81544-5

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In preparation for cell division, the highly ordered stacked cisternae of the mammalian Golgi complex undergo mitotic breakdown (Roth, 1999). This breakdown is triggered by protein phosphorylation events (Nelson, 2000) that function, at least in part, to inhibit one or more trafficking steps (Lowe et al, 1998b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic Phosphorylation of Golgi Reassembly Stacking Protein 55 by Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase ERK2

Jesch

Lewis²,

Ahn³

et al. 2001

MBoC

109

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK)/extracellular-activated protein kinase (ERK) pathway in mitotic Golgi disassembly is controversial, in part because Golgilocalized targets have not been identified. We observed that Golgi reassembly stacking protein 55 (GRASP55) was phosphorylated in mitotic cells and extracts, generating a mitosis-specific phospho-epitope recognized by the MPM2 mAb. This phosphorylation was prevented by mutation of ERK consensus sites in GRASP55. GRASP55 mitotic phosphorylation was significantly reduced, both in vitro and in vivo, by treatment with U0126, a potent and specific inhibitor of MKK and thus ERK activation. Furthermore, ERK2 directly phosphorylated GRASP55 on the same residues that generated the MPM2 phospho-epitope. These results are the first demonstration of GRASP55 mitotic phosphorylation and indicate that the MKK/ERK pathway directly phosphorylates the Golgi during mitosis. INTRODUCTIONIn preparation for cell division, the highly ordered stacked cisternae of the mammalian Golgi complex undergo mitotic breakdown (Roth, 1999). This breakdown is triggered by protein phosphorylation events (Nelson, 2000) that function, at least in part, to inhibit one or more trafficking steps (Lowe et al., 1998b). The exact nature of the Golgi breakdown product is controversial in that it may comprise dispersed small vesicles (Jesch and Linstedt, 1998), clustered small vesicles (Shima et al., 1998), or membranes that fuse with the ER (Zaal et al., 1999). In any event, the disassembled Golgi is subsequently partitioned into each daughter cell where it reassembles a ribbon of stacked membranes positioned near the microtubule organizing center.Currently, the identity of the protein kinases that mediate Golgi disassembly is controversial. Both cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK), considered a master regulatory kinase in the G2/M transition (Ohi and Gould, 1999), and a kinase in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway known as MAPK kinase (MKK) have been implicated in mitotic Golgi breakdown. In its better characterized role in cell cycle entry from Go, MKK (present as 2 isoforms, MKK1 and MKK2), becomes activated by phosphorylation and then phosphorylates and activates the MAP kinase isoforms known as extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1 and ERK2. Importantly, the MKK and ERK isoforms are present in their active forms in mitotic extracts (Kuang and Ashorn, 1993) and cells (Shapiro et al., 1998;Zecevic et al., 1998;Tolwinski et al., 1999), and mammalian fibroblasts treated with an MKK inhibitor arrest in G2 failing to enter M-phase (Wright et al., 1999). One of the first observations implicating MKK in mitosis came from an assay that measures mitotic cytosol-dependent Golgi disassembly in permeabilized normal rat kidney cells. In this assay the Golgi breakdown activity is separable from CDK1 and is blocked by MKK inactivation or MKK immunodepletion (Acharya et al., 1998). In contrast, in an assay that measures mitotic cytosol-dependent disas...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic Phosphorylation of Golgi Reassembly Stacking Protein 55 by Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase ERK2

Jesch

Lewis²,

Ahn³

et al. 2001

MBoC

109

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies of Golgi structure during cell division have yielded two models of Golgi inheritance (reviewed in ref. 9). The first suggests that the Golgi becomes fragmented at the onset of mitosis, distributes throughout the dividing cell via the microtubule network, and then reassembles into the familiar cisternal structures on exit from mitosis (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Golgi protein GRASP65 is a target of mitotic polo-like kinase (Plk) and Cdc2

Lin

Madsen

Yarm

et al. 2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

120

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cell division is characterized by orchestrated events of chromosome segregation, distribution of cellular organelles, and the eventual partitioning and separation of the two daughter cells. Mitotic kinases, including polo-like kinases (Plk), influence multiple events in mitosis. In yeast two-hybrid screens using mammalian Plk C-terminal domain baits, we have identified Golgi peripheral protein GRASP65 (Golgi reassembly stacking protein of 65 kDa) as a Plk-binding protein. GRASP65 appears to function in the postmitotic reassembly of Golgi stacks. In this report we demonstrate binding between Plk and GRASP65 and provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that Plk is a GRASP65 kinase. Moreover, we show that Cdc2 can also phosphorylate GRASP65. In addition, we present data which support the observation that the conserved C terminus of Plk is important for its function. Deletion or frameshift mutations in the conserved C-terminal domain of Plk greatly diminish its ability to phosphorylate GRASP65. These and previous findings suggest that phosphorylation of Golgi components by mitotic kinases may regulate mechanisms of Golgi inheritance during cell division.

show abstract

“…In mammalian cells, most Golgi proteins are absorbed into the ER during cell division so that they can be partitioned equally into two daughter cells along with the ER (Roth, 1999;Seemann et al, 2002;Zaal et al, 1999). This does not appear to be the case with yeast Golgi, which exists as discrete units throughout the cytoplasm (Preuss et al, 1992).…”

Section: Dsyx16 Distribution During Cell Divisionmentioning

confidence: 99%