Inherited periglacial geomorphology of a basalt hill in the Sudetes, Central Europe: Insights from LiDAR‐aided landform mapping

Solifluction sheets are large‐scale and extensive valley‐floor and valley‐side landforms developed widely in the British Isles from mass‐wasting of glacial and periglacial sediments during late‐glacial times. We describe their geographical distribution and review the processes that have led to their development. We use data from the Cheviot Hills, the one site in the British Isles where sedimentology and optically stimulated luminescence dating have been combined, to assess their age and nature of deposition. We also present data from central Wales where a new mapping and resistivity survey has reconstructed the nature of valley‐side solifluction sheets. We explore the relative lack of recent research on these landforms and argue that solifluction sheets represent a clear example of how upland geomorphological systems have responded to late‐glacial climate change. We end by identifying a number of areas where research on these enigmatic features could be focussed, including better understanding of their distribution, sedimentology and age.

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“…Migoń et al . 2020). Despite this, no attempts at a synthesis of these landforms has been published. 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have been described from central Asia (e.g.Gorbunov and Severskiy, 1999); Scandinavia (e.g Ridefelt et al 2010). and central Europe (e.g Migoń et al 2020)…”

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confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary solifluction sheets in the British uplands

Harrison

Hughes

Glasser

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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“…Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is a tool now widely used in archaeology [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], geomorphology, and earth sciences [9][10][11] to detect natural landforms or remains of human activity, especially in forested areas, where other remote sensing techniques are unsuccessful or time-consuming. The main interest of this technology is to cover large areas while offering high spatial resolution capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-AdaptIve LOcal Relief Enhancer (SAILORE): A New Filter to Improve Local Relief Model Performances According to Local Topography

2021

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The use of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is becoming more and more common in different landscape exploration domains such as archaeology or geomorphology. In order to allow the detection of features of interest, visualization filters have to be applied to the raw Digital Elevation Model (DEM), to enhance small relief variations. Several filters have been proposed for this purpose, such as Sky View Factor, Slope, negative and positive Openness, or Local Relief Model (LRM). The efficiency of each of these methods is strongly dependent on the input parameters chosen in regard of the topography of the investigated area. The LRM has proved to be one of the most efficient, but it has to be parameterized in order to be adapted to the natural slopes characterizing the investigated area. Generally, this setting has a single value, chosen as the best compromise between optimal values for each relief configuration. As LiDAR is mainly used in wide areas, a large distribution of natural slopes is often encountered. The aim of this paper is to propose a Self AdaptIve LOcal Relief Enhancer (SAILORE) based on the Local Relief Model approach. The filtering effect is adapted to the local slope, allowing the detection at the same time of low-frequency relief variation on flat areas, as well as the identification of high-frequency relief variation in the presence of steep slopes. First, the interest of this self-adaptive approach is presented, and the principle of the method, compared to the classical LRM method, is described. This new tool is then applied to a LiDAR dataset characterized by various terrain configurations in order to test its performance and compare it with the classical LRM. The results of this test show that SAILORE significantly increases the detection capability while simplifying it.

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“…Lang 2003;Wolf and Faust 2013;Kühn et al 2017;Kołodyńska-Gawrysiak 2019). By contrast, the Blikra and Nemec 1998;Zolitschka et al 2003;French 2017;Migoń et al, 2020;Miller and Juilleret 2020) widely forested mountain areas, obviously far less influenced by current erosion processes, found much less interest (e.g. Latocha 2009;Fuchs et al 2011;Stolz et al 2012;Larsen et al 2013;Henkner et al 2018b;Steup et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 1 Conceptual landscape model showing selected colluvial sedimentary sub-facies and further geomorphic and land cover properties of the Central European uplands (based on suggestions byBlikra and Nemec 1998;Zolitschka et al 2003;French 2017;Migoń et al, 2020;Miller and Juilleret 2020) …”

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confidence: 99%

Colluvial sediments originating from past land-use activities in the Erzgebirge Mountains, Central Europe: occurrence, properties, and historic environmental implications

Kaiser

Tolksdorf²,

Boer

et al. 2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Colluvial sediments originating from soil erosion on slopes have proven to constitute significant evidence for tracing past human impact on mountain landscapes. In the Central European Erzgebirge (Ore) Mountains, colluvial sediments are associated with specific landforms (footslopes, slope flattenings, dells) and cover a share of 11% (11,905 ha) of the regional soil landscape. Thirteen pedosedimentary sections with colluvial layers were investigated at five forested sites (520–730 m a.s.l.) within a context of mining archaeology, integrating data from pedology, archaeology, palaeobotany, and geochronology. The thickness of the gravel-bearing loamy, silty, and sandy colluvial layers is up to 70 cm, which are mostly located on top of the sections. The geochronological ages and archaeological data reveal a high to late medieval to post-medieval age of the colluvial sediments. Pollen data show a drastic decline of the mountain forests in the late twelfth to fifteenth centuries AD accompanied by an increase of pioneer trees and spruce at the expense of fir and beech. The primary cause of soil erosion and subsequent colluvial deposition at the sites investigated is medieval to post-medieval mining and other early industrial activities. A compilation of 395 radiocarbon and OSL ages, obtained from colluvial sediments at 197 upland sites in Central Europe, shows that anthropogenically initiated colluvial dynamics go as far back as the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age. Most ages derive from the medieval to post-medieval period, corresponding to the general intensification of settlement and land-use activities including deforestation and widespread ore mining.

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Inherited periglacial geomorphology of a basalt hill in the Sudetes, Central Europe: Insights from LiDAR‐aided landform mapping

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Late Quaternary solifluction sheets in the British uplands

Late Quaternary solifluction sheets in the British uplands

Self-AdaptIve LOcal Relief Enhancer (SAILORE): A New Filter to Improve Local Relief Model Performances According to Local Topography

Colluvial sediments originating from past land-use activities in the Erzgebirge Mountains, Central Europe: occurrence, properties, and historic environmental implications

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