Inheritance of Siduron Tolerance in Foxtail Barley

Schooler, A. B.; Bell, Allyn R.; Nalewaja, John D.

doi:10.1017/s004317450003527x

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Varietal differ-ences in response to herbicides have been shown previously in other genera (Hopen & Splittstoesser, 1968;Hardcastle, 1974). For example, Schooler, Bell & Nalewaja (1972) reported that tolerance to siduron[l-(2-methylcyclohexy])-3-phenylurea] varied among thirty-six ecotypes of foxtail barley {Hordeum jubatum L.). Since the degree of tolerance was genetically controlled, siduron-tolerant foxtail barley probably developed from selection pressure arising from the extensive use of the herbicide siduron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Absorption and efflux of chloro‐s‐triazines by Setaria roots*

1976

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Summary: The absorption and loss of four chloro‐s‐triazines was investigated in excised roots of four Setaria taxa. Different taxa absorbed the various triazines at different rates. In general, triazine absorption was greater at 2°C than at 22.5°C, and absorption rates were linear functions of external concentrations. Efflux studies showed marked differences in the rate of loss of 14C‐atrazine, 14C‐simazine, and 14C‐propazine from root sections of robust white foxtail (Setaria viridis var. robustaalba Schreiber). The roots lost 14C‐atrazine very quickly, and the loss was similar in either water or 12C‐atrazine. Atrazine appears to be restricted to the apoplast of the root. 14C‐atrazine was lost more rapidly than either 14C‐simazine or 14C‐propazine to water or to solutions containing the unlabelled herbicide. Efflux of 14C‐simazine was greater than that of 14C‐propazine to solutions of CaCl2. From the pattern of efflux, it was concluded that 14C‐simazine and 14C‐propazine accumulated in the root symplast. Furthermore, the decreases in chloro‐s‐triazine absorption in the presence of metabolic inhibitors (dinitrophenol, sodium arsenite) may suggest that 14C‐simazine and 14C‐propazine entered the symplast by an energy‐dependent process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Absorption and efflux of chloro‐s‐triazines by Setaria roots*

1976

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“…Plants from both locations were susceptible to other nontriazine herbicides. Data presented by Schooler, Bell, and Nalewaja (1972 These reports suggest that increased herbicide tolerance within a weed species may result from repeated applications by elimination of sensitive types and indicate a need for herbicide rotations when possible.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relative Susceptibility of Two Common Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) Biotypes to Six s‐Triazines¹

Radosevich¹,

Appleby

1973

Agronomy Journal

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Effects of several s‐triazine herbicides were studied on common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) previously reported to be resistant to two chloro‐triazine herbicides and on the same weed species from a location not previously treated with triazines. Herbicides tested were: 2‐chloro‐4,6‐bis(ethylamino)‐s‐triazine (simazine), 2‐chloro‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(isopropylamino)‐s‐triazine (atrazine), 2‐(sec‐butylamino)‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐methoxy‐s‐triazine (GS‐14254), 2,4‐bis(isopropylamino)‐6‐methoxy‐s‐triazine (prometone), 2‐(tert‐butylamino)‐4‐(ethylamino)‐6‐(methylthio)s‐triazine (terbutryn), and 2,4‐bis(isopropylamino)‐6‐(methylthio)‐s‐triazine (prometryne). The sensitive plants became chlorotic and died when treated with a triazine herbicide. Resistant plants never exhibited these symptoms. Plants of the sensitive biotype were effectively controlled by 0.5 ppm of atrazine or simazine, 1 ppm of GS‐14254 or prometone, or 4 ppm of prometryne. The resistant biotype failed to show any chlorosis or necrosis at the highest rates tested, 4 ppm of simazine and 30 ppm for atrazine, GS‐14254, prometone, and prometryne. Both biotypes were resistant to terbutryn at 30 ppm. These studies showed that resistance in one biotype was not restricted to chloro‐triazines but extended to methoxy‐ and methylthio‐triazines as well. The use of nutrient solutions rather than soil supported the conclusion that resistance is apparently due to physiological differences and not to differences in exposure to the herbicide caused by variation in germination tune, rooting depth, or morphology.

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“…Also, multiple genes, each partially contributing to the overall phenotype, have been documented conferring tolerance. For example, siduron tolerance in foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.) was found to be controlled by at least three dominant complementary major genes (Schooler et al 1972). Quantitative patterns of variation in response to herbicides were also observed in common flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), when exposed to atrazine and MCPA (Comstock and Andersen 1968;Stafford et al 1968), although this variation was concluded to be mainly due to environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgressive segregation and maternal genetic effects of non–target site fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance in Zoysia spp.

et al. 2019

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Zoysia germplasm exhibit different levels of sensitivity to fluazifop-P-butyl, but the genetic factors responsible for such differences are unknown. Segregation patterns of the fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance trait were studied under greenhouse conditions. In total, 244 F1 lines were generated from multiple crosses between the tolerant line 5337-2 (non–target site tolerance) and three more-sensitive lines (123, 252, and 5330-23). Progeny segregation showed that fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance within zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) is expressed as a quantitative trait with a wide range of intermediate phenotypes between parental phenotypes. Transgressive segregation was extensive and largely favored susceptibility in most families, but was especially evident for 5337-2 × 123 and 5337-2 × 5330-23. The segregation patterns for biomass reduction and percent injury were different within reciprocal crosses and among three different family crosses. Reciprocal effects were observed in growth reduction for 5337-2 × 5330-23, in percent injury at 3 wk after the treatment (WAT), and for 5337-2 × 252 at 6 WAT. This indicated that fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance was not completely controlled by nuclear genetic factors in 5337-2 and maternal/cytoplasmic inheritance was also partially responsible. These results suggested that fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance may be attributed to multiple genetic mechanisms, which could present a challenge for future breeding efforts because of the difficulty of fixing multiple traits within a breeding population.

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Inheritance of Siduron Tolerance in Foxtail Barley

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Absorption and efflux of chloro‐s‐triazines by Setaria roots*

Absorption and efflux of chloro‐s‐triazines by Setaria roots*

Relative Susceptibility of Two Common Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) Biotypes to Six s‐Triazines¹

Transgressive segregation and maternal genetic effects of non–target site fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance in Zoysia spp.

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Inheritance of Siduron Tolerance in Foxtail Barley

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Absorption and efflux of chloro‐s‐triazines by Setaria roots*

Absorption and efflux of chloro‐s‐triazines by Setaria roots*

Relative Susceptibility of Two Common Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) Biotypes to Six s‐Triazines1

Transgressive segregation and maternal genetic effects of non–target site fluazifop-P-butyl tolerance in Zoysia spp.

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Relative Susceptibility of Two Common Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) Biotypes to Six s‐Triazines¹