Inheritance of sex forms in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Ji, Gaojie; Zhang, Jie; Gong, Guoyi; Shi, Jianting; Zhang, Haiying; Ren, Yi; Guo, Sheng; Gao, Junping; Shen, Huolin; Xu, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.07.039

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Apart from the sex form phenotype there was no obvious morphological difference between the wild type and the gynoecious mutant. Our previous studies suggested that the gynoecy allele in XHBGM is a recessive trait with respect to monoecious XHBGM, with a single gynoecy gene (gy) leading to the gynoecism phenotype (Ji et al, 2015).…”

Section: Map-based Cloning Of the Gynoecious (Gy) Gene In Xhbgmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, CsWIP1, the orthologous gene of CmWIP1, was also shown to be associated with gynoecy in cucumber (Boualem et al, 2015). In watermelon, the tm locus was implicated as a possible modifying gene, and the a locus (CitACS4) is epistatic to tm (Ji et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), an important member of the family Cucurbitaceae, is one of the top five most consumed fresh fruits worldwide (http://faostat.fao.org). The monoecious sex form is common in commercial watermelon production, although all other sex forms except androecious have been identified in different accessions (Rudich and Zamski, 1985;Ji et al, 2015). Gynoecy is an advantageous trait for production of hybrid Cucurbitaceae seed by bees under spatial isolation, because it avoids hand emasculation and hand pollination (Martin et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sex determination in watermelon is mainly determined by three major genetic loci: andromonoecious (a), gynoecious (gy) and trimonoecious (tm) (Ji et al, 2015). The proposed genotype for each of the six sex forms in watermelon is as follows: monoecious (A_Gy_Tm), trimonoecious (A_Gy_tmtm), andromonoecious (aaGy_Tm_ or aaGy_tmtm), gynoecious (A_gygyTm_), gynomonoecious (A_gygytmtm) and hermaphrodite (aagygyTm_ or aagygytmtm) (Ji et al, 2015). The a locus has been identified and encodes a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic synthase (ACS) gene CitACS4 (Boualem et al, 2016;Ji et al, 2016;Manzano et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A unique chromosome translocation disrupting ClWIP1 leads to gynoecy in watermelon

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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Summary To understand sex determination in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), a spontaneous gynoecious watermelon mutant, XHBGM, was selected from the monoecious wild type XHB. Using map‐based cloning, resequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, a unique chromosome translocation between chromosome 2 and chromosome 3 was found in XHBGM. Based on the breakpoint location in chromosome 2, a putative C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor gene, ClWIP1 (gene ID Cla008537), an orthologue of the melon gynoecy gene CmWIP1, was disrupted. Using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated system 9 to edit ClWIP1, we obtained gynoecious watermelon lines. Functional studies showed that ClWIP1 is expressed specifically in carpel primordia and is related to the abortion of carpel primordia in early floral development. To identify the cellular and metabolic processes associated with ClWIP1, we compared the shoot apex transcriptomes of two gynoecious mutants and their corresponding wild types. Transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes related to the ethylene and cytokinin pathways were upregulated in the gynoecious mutants. This study explores the molecular mechanism of sex determination in watermelon and provides a theoretical and technical basis for breeding elite gynoecious watermelon lines.

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Section: Map-based Cloning Of the Gynoecious (Gy) Gene In Xhbgmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A unique chromosome translocation disrupting ClWIP1 leads to gynoecy in watermelon

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2019

The Plant Journal

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“…In cucumber and melon, mutations that cause reduced ACS activities lead to andromonoecy (Boualem et al , ). Modern watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) varieties have three common sex forms: monoecious (carrying both male and female flowers), andromonoecious (carrying both male and hermaphroditic flowers) and gynoecious (carrying female flowers only) (Ji et al ), and a recessive locus ( a ) is associated with the andromonoecy (Ji et al ). Eight ACS genes, Cla014652 ( CitACS1 ), Cla014057 ( CitACS2 ), Cla006634 ( CitACS3 ), Cla011230 ( CitACS4 ), Cla000483 ( CitACS9 ), Cla011522 ( CitACS10 ), Cla022653 ( CitACS11 ), and Cla006245 ( CitACS12 ) are present in the watermelon genome (Guo et al , ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mutation in the gene encoding 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate synthase 4 (CitACS4) led to andromonoecy in watermelon

Zhang

et al. 2016

JIPB

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Although it has been reported previously that ethylene plays a critical role in sex determination in cucurbit species, how the andromonoecy that carries both the male and hermaphroditic flowers is determined in watermelon is still unknown. Here we showed that the watermelon gene 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 4 (CitACS4), expressed specifically in carpel primordia, determines the andromonoecy in watermelon. Among four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and one InDel identified in the coding region of CitACS4, the C364W mutation located in the conserved box 6 was co-segregated with andromonoecy. Enzymatic analyses showed that the C364W mutation caused a reduced activity in CitACS4. We believe that the reduced CitACS4 activity may hamper the programmed cell death in stamen primordia, leading to the formation of hermaphroditic flowers.

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