Inheritance of sesquiterpene lactone types within the Achillea millefolium complex (Compositae)*

Abstract

Successful crossing experiments between tetraploid individuals of Achillea ceretanica, A. collina, A. distans ssp. styriaca, and A. pratensis {A. millefolium complex, Compositae) were carried out. Sesquiterpenes of 1013 hybrid plants obtained from 13 crossings were studied by quahtative thin layer chromatography (TLC). F,-progenies from parent plants with guaianolides (GU-type), as well as the ofl"spring of a backcross, uniformly contained proazulenes. Diallel crosses between plants exclusively with eudesmanohdes (EU-type) resulted in a 7:1 segregationratio of EU-and GU-plants. Two reciprocal crossing experiments between EU-and GU-parents resulted in 28.6% and 89.3% EU-individuals, as well as GU-offspring. According to these findings, the quahtative marker 'proazulene' (GU-type) is thought to be a recessive character of the tetraploid Achillea species studied.

Comparative Assessment of the Volatile Profile, Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxic Potential of Different Preparation of Millefolli Herba Samples

“…As expected, the results in the Table 1 show that matricine does not appear when HS-GC/MS technique is used, as long as the initial heating temperature was kept https://doi.org/10.37358/RC.20.3.7975 at 80C. At a temperature around 150C chamazulene is present in a large quantity, meaning that matricine has produced it [27]. Therefore, the 80 C temperature used seems to be optimal to keep the matricine untransformed, the obtained volatile profile of the yarrow being very close to the real one.…”

An Approach to the Inheritance of the Sesquiterpene Chemotypes within Petasites hybridus

“…A similar inheritance of sesquiterene lactones has been proposed in the allotetraploid Achillea millefolium complex [9], where plants with three or four recessive alleles build up guaianolides and the other genotypes eudesmanolides. In Matricaria recutita the appearance of the sesquiterpene bisabolol as active substance is under recessive genetic control [10], [11].…”

“…To which extent the number of P or p alleles present in a plant influences the concentrations of the petasins or furanopetasins Letter could not be assessed in this study as only a qualitative test for the chemotypes in a small piece of the complex rhizome was used. In the case of Achillea millefolium, plants of the guaianolide chemotype with three or four recessive alleles differed in the concentration of guaianolides [9]. For Petasites hybridus it would be of interest to get plants high in petasins for pharmaceutical purposes; whether they have a genotype with high numbers (4) of dominant P alleles, needs further investigations.…”

Essential Oil Composition of Species in the GenusAchillea

“…The most comprehensive work related to sesquiterpenes (eudesmanolides, longipinanes and guaianolides) of yarrow was carried out by Vetter et al (55,56). Based on interspecific crossings and backcrossing with evaluation of the progenies they established, that biosynthesis into the direction of guaianolides from intermediates is promoted by the recessive allele of a single gene pair.…”