Inheritance of Seed Set, Germination, and Day Neutrality/Heat Delay Insensitivity of Garden Chrysanthemums (Dendranthema ×grandiflora) under Glasshouse and Field Conditions

Anderson, Neil O.; Ascher, Peter D.

doi:10.21273/jashs.129.4.0509

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…81-45-15, for the day-neutral/heat-delay insensitive ideotype (Anderson and Ascher, 2001). Mean plant height ranged from 14 to 47 cm (Table 1), which was similar to that reported in HDI progeny screening, 18-45 cm (Anderson and Ascher, 2004b). In both instances, these plant height ranges were within Anderson and Ascher's (2001) DN/HDI ideotype.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Thus, 'Geumbangul' would be the parent to use in breeding compact or dwarf plant habits due to its stability (no genotype • environment or G • E interaction) in height regardless of LT/HTs and SD/LD photoperiods. Given the high heritability of plant height in the DN/HDI ideotype (h 2 = 0.66; Anderson and Ascher, 2004b), the stability of expression in 'Geumbangul' should be found in its progenies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…01-210-43, 01-210-77, 02-93-1, 'Mammothä Dark Bronze Daisy', 'Centerpiece', and 'Mellow Moon' (Table 1). Although these would be ideal parents to choose for breeding, both 'Geumbangul' and 'Magic Ball' from the South Korean breeding program had complete stability for LDLN across all four treatments that would be even more desirable, particularly since LDLN h 2 = 0.79 (Anderson and Ascher, 2001) but were closer to progeny in a 6 • 6 diallel (12.5-32; Anderson and Ascher, 2004b). Interestingly, none of the genotypes tested herein had low enough LDLN in any treatment that matched the DH/HDI ideotype range (LDLN = 13-20; Anderson and Ascher, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, all traits could potentially be incorporated in relatively few generations of crossing and selection. This crossing scheme will be tested for its effectiveness and the number of generations of selections required to concentrate favorable alleles for trait stability, given the heritability of each trait (Anderson and Ascher, 2004b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection and breeding for HDI have commenced in Japanese (Shibata and Kawata, 1987), British (De Jong, 1989), American (Anderson and Ascher, 2001), Taiwanese (Wang et al, 2008), and Chinese (Xiwang et al, 2008) chrysanthemum breeding programs. An ideotype has been proposed to select for DN and HDI garden chrysanthemums in a LD, HT environment (Anderson and Ascher, 2001) and one study tested the rigor of the ideotype (Anderson and Ascher, 2004b). In addition to screening chrysanthemums for phenotypic traits (VBD, flowering, etc.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Garden Chrysanthemum Cell Membrane Thermostability and Flowering Heat Delay Differences Among U.S. and South Korean Germplasm

Anderson¹,

Won²,

Kim³

2016

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Global warming has created increased nighttime temperatures both in field and greenhouse production of chrysanthemums during flower bud initiation (FBI) and development, causing heat delay or complete cessation of flowering. Integration of breeding and selection for heat delay insensitivity (HDI) has become imperative for greenhouse (cut, potted types) and must be accomplished on a genotypic basis, similar to winterhardiness. This is a breeding objective in the joint garden chrysanthemum breeding project between the Chungnam Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services and the University of Minnesota. The objectives of this research were to test 10 genotypes (cultivars, seedlings) from both breeding programs when grown in low-temperature (LT) and high-temperature (HT) short-day (SD) and long-day (LD) conditions (four environments: LTSD, LTLD, HTSD, and HTLD); determine the extent of heat delay and HDI for visible bud date (VBD), flowering, and other phenotypic traits; evaluate relative injury (RI) and cell membrane thermostability (CMT), and to select future parents with lowered RI values, higher CMT, shorter heat-induced flowering delay, and/or HDI. ‘Magic Ball’ and ‘Minnwhite’ had the shortest plant height in HTLD and HTSD, whereas ‘Geumbangul’ had stability for height in all treatments. Lowest long day leaf numbers (LDLN) occurred under LTSD in seven genotypes. However, both ‘Geumbangul’ and ‘Magic Ball’ had complete stability for LDLN across all environments. Sigmoid curves for RI% and temperature were found for all genotypes and environments with R2 = 0.79–0.89. Only ‘Mellow Moon’ had stability or equal VBDs in HTSD, LTSD, and LTLD conditions. This is the first-ever report of stability for VBD across inductive and noninductive HT/LT treatments. Only ‘Centerpiece’ flowered in all environments and also had 0 day of heat for VBD in LT and 1 day of heat delay in HT, as well as three others (Mn. Sel’n. 01-210-43, ‘Autumn Fire’, and ‘Geumbangul’). Few had linear regressions with positive slopes for heat-induced VBD or flowering delay regressed with RI%; most had no slope (R2 ≈ 0.0) for all treatments (‘Centerpiece’, Mn. Sel’n. 01-210-43), whereas others were negative (‘Mammoth™ Dark Bronze Daisy’, Flw LTLD–LTSD). Surprisingly, one linear regression had a slope of R2 = 1.0 (‘Geumbangul’, Flw LTLD–LTSD). These responses are all novel in chrysanthemums. Selecting the best parents in both breeding programs to maximize stability of all traits across these four environments with minimal crossing and selection across generations could be accomplished by stacking parental traits. A crossing scheme involving just three parents is proposed to incorporate stability for all traits in just a few generations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%