Inheritance of resistance to sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) in an interspecific cross between Helianthus annuus and Helianthus debilis subsp. tardiflorus

Velasco, Leonardo; Pérez‐Vich, Begoña; Yassein, Ahmed A. M.; Jan, Chao‐Chien; Fernández‐Martínez, José M.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2011.01915.x

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…So, it should soon become clearer what resistance genes are necessary in sunflower varieties. Resistance sources have so far been cultivated sunflower or other annual Helianthus species (Velasco et al, 2011) In contrast with downy mildew, where introduction of resistances from wild H. annuus is relatively easy, if broomrape resistance requires interspecific crosses, the procedure for introduction of genes from such origins will require new research. More general knowledge of how best to make the most of the 50 Helianthus species which exist would be of great benefit to research on many breeding objectives.…”

Section: Broomrapementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Vear¹

2016

OCL

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-This article discusses changes in sunflower breeding objectives since the introduction of hybrid varieties 50 years ago. After a reminder of the importance of some early programmes, Canadian in particular, the present situation for each breeding objective is compared with those encountered earlier. Breeding for yield has changed from maximum possible yield under intensive agriculture to yield with resistance to abiotic stresses, moderate droughts and shallow soils in particular, helped by collaboration with agronomists to produce crop models. Breeding for oil has changed from quantity to quality and the value of seed meal is again becoming economically important. Necessary disease resistances vary with agronomic practises and selection pressure on pathogens according to varietal genetics. The possibilities of new types of sunflower are also discussed. Advances in genomics will change breeding procedures, but with rapidly changing molecular techniques, international collaboration is particularly important.Keywords: Hybrid / yield / oil / disease resistance / genomics Résumé -Sélection du tournesol : tour d'horizon de 50 années d'évolution. Cet article discute des changements intervenus dans les objectifs de sélection du tournesol depuis l'introduction des variétés hybrides, il y a 50 ans. Après un rappel des premiers programmes, le canadien en particulier, la situation actuelle pour chaque objectif est comparée à celle rencontrée 50 ans auparavant. L'objectif de la sélection pour le rendement en grain ne vise plus en priorité un rendement maximum en conditions d'agriculture intensive mais un rendement maintenu sous stress abiotiques, séche-resses modérées ou sols peu profonds. Cette sélection est maintenant aidée par la collaboration avec des spécialistes en modélisation agronomique. La sélection relative à l'huile concerne maintenant plus souvent des qualités spécifiques que la teneur de la graine, tandis que le tourteau redevient de valeur économique significative. Les résistances aux maladies nécessaires pour les variétés actuelles varient selon les pratiques agricoles et les génétiques prépondérantes. La possibilité de changer radicalement d'architecture ou de cycle de culture est discutée. Les avances en génomiques vont modifier les procédures de sélection, mais une bonne collaboration internationale s'avère très importante vu les changements rapides dans les techniques moléculaires. Mots clés :Hybride / rendement / huile / résistance aux maladies / génomique

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Section: Broomrapementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Vear¹

2016

OCL

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“…However, the terminology used for race identification is to some extent confusing because the same race classification is used in Genetic studies on resistance to broomrape in sunflower have confirmed in most cases control of the trait by single dominant genes, as expected for a gene for gene interaction. This has been reported for races E (Vranceanu et al, 1980;Ish-Shalom-Gordon et al, 1993;Lu et al, 2000;Pérez-Vich et al, 2004;Sukno et al, 1999), F (Pacureanu-Joita et al, 2004;Pérez-Vich et al, 2002), and G (Velasco et al, 2012). Full demonstration of the occurrence of a gene-forgene interaction in the O. cumana-sunflower was provided by Rodríguez-Ojeda, Pineda-Martos et al (2013), who showed that O. cumana race E avirulence in presence of the resistance gene Or5 was inherited as a single dominant gene.…”

Section: Genetics Of Resistance and Avirulence: The Gene-for-gene Intmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…is not particularly complex. Velasco et al (2012) identified resistance to broomrape race G in an accession of H. debilis ssp. tardiflorus that was successfully introgressed into cultivated sunflower.…”

Section: Genetics Of Resistance and Avirulence: The Gene-for-gene Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on resistance to sunflower broomrape: an integrated vision

Velasco

Pérez‐Vich

Fernández‐Martínez

2016

OCL

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-Sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) parasitization on sunflower was first observed at the end of the 19th century and has continued since then jeopardizing sunflower cultivation in many areas of Europe and Asia. A distinctive characteristic of the O. cumana-sunflower parasitic system is that it is mainly governed by a genefor-gene interaction. This determines complete resistance in the host controlled by dominant alleles at a single locus, which facilitates the management of the resistance for hybrid seed production. But on the other hand avirulence in the parasite is also controlled by dominant alleles at a single gene. Monogenic, dominant resistance exerts a strong selection pressure on the parasite that maximizes the probability of overcoming resistance mechanisms in a short period of time. This has in fact resulted in a number of physiological races that periodically surpass all the available resistance sources. The spread of populations to new areas and the subsequent hybridization between populations is another mechanism creating genetic diversity in sunflower broomrape and allegedly recombination of avirulences genes. After more than one century of coexistence, genetic resistance to broomrape in sunflower has to be focused under an integrated approach that considers not only the characterization of resistance mechanisms in the host, but also the genetic and physiological bases of avirulence in the parasite. From the perspective of genetic resistance in sunflower, most important is not relying only on single dominant genes, but following instead pyramiding strategies. These should give priority to combining complementary mechanisms of resistance under both qualitative (vertical) and quantitative (horizontal) genetic control. These aspects are discussed in the paper. Keywords:Avirulence genes / broomrape / genetic resistance / Orobanche cumana / sunflower Résumé -Recherche de résistance à l'orobanche chez le tournesol : une vision intégrée. Le parasitisme de l'orobanche du tournesol (Orobanche cumana Wallr) a été observé à la fin du 19 e siècle et a continué depuis lors, mettant en péril la culture du tournesol dans de nombreuses régions d'Europe et d'Asie. Une caractéristique spécifique de l'interaction O.cumana-Tournesol est qu'elle est principalement régie par une interaction gène pour gène. Elle détermine une résistance totale de l'hôte contrôlée par des allèles dominants à un seul locus, ce qui facilite la gestion de la résistance pour la production de semences hybrides. Mais d'un autre côté, l'avirulence du parasite est également contrôlée par les allèles dominants d'un seul gène. Monogénique et dominante, la résistance exerce une forte pression de sélection sur le parasite qui maximise la probabilité de surmonter les mécanismes de résistance dans un court laps de temps. Cela a en fait abouti à un certain nombre de races physiologiques d'orobanche qui contournent régulièrement toutes les sources de résistance disponibles. La propagation des populations en de nouveaux lieux et l'hyb...

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“…Subsequently, a single dominant race G resistance gene was transferred from H. debilis ssp. tardiflorus into a cultivated background (Velasco et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broomrape (Orobanche Cumana Wallr.) Resistance Breeding Utilizing Wild Helianthus Species

Jan

Liu

Seiler

et al. 2014

Helia

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Wild Helianthus species possess valuable resistance genes for sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.), especially the 39 largely underutilized perennial species. Resistance to race F has been transferred into a cultivated background via bridging of interspecific amphiploids. More recently, a single dominant gene resistant to race G was identified in annual H. debilis ssp. tardiflorus and transferred into cultivated HA 89. Interspecific crosses between wild annual Helianthus species and cultivated lines are relatively easy compared to those involving wild perennial species, which were made easier only after the development of embryo rescue techniques. Interspecific amphiploids resulting from colchicine treatment of F 1 hybrids provide bridging materials for transferring genes without relying on embryo rescue. Among the diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid perennial species, the speed of gene utilization follows the ploidy level of diploids, tetraploids, and hexaploids due to the time-consuming backcrosses required to eliminate the extra chromosomes in the latter two groups. In the development of pre-breeding materials, the retention rate of genetic material of the wild species is another concern with each additional backcross. For crosses involving tetraploid and hexaploid wild perennials, the use of 2n ¼ 51 chromosome F 1 or BC 1 F 1 generation, as pollen source, could accelerate chromosome reduction to 2n ¼ 34 in BC 1 F 1 or BC 2 F 1 , resulting in useful materials with fewer backcrosses for trait selection.

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Inheritance of resistance to sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) in an interspecific cross between Helianthus annuus and Helianthus debilis subsp. tardiflorus

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Research on resistance to sunflower broomrape: an integrated vision

Broomrape (Orobanche Cumana Wallr.) Resistance Breeding Utilizing Wild Helianthus Species

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