Inheritance of Fruit Weight, Size and Organic Acid Content in a Distant Hybrid Population of Longan ‘Huanongzao’ and Lychee ‘Ziniangxi’

Abstract

The type and content of organic acids in fruits are important factors that determine the traits, such as the nutrition and flavor of fruits. Fruit weight and size are also very important economic characters in fruit breeding research. To investigate the inheritance patterns in longan, fruit organic acid contents, weight, and size were measured in the distant hybridization progenies of longan ‘Huanongzao’ and lychee ‘Ziniangxi’. The results revealed that the malic acid accumulation exhibited mid-parent heterosis, citric acid content showed a tendency towards depression, and oxalic acid, ketoglutaric acid, fumaric acid, gallic acid, and total acid contents exhibited transgressive inheritance. The inheritance patterns in fruit weight, length and diameter tended towards smaller and degraded. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the organic acids ranged from 35.77–90.20%, and the heritability (H2) was 72.35–97.44%. High CV (55.44%) coupled with medium H2 (28.72%) were observed in fruit weight, however, low CV (12.29% and 12.50%) coupled with high H2 (68.95% and 69.25%) were shown in fruit length and diameter. In this study, the genetic variation of acid contents, fruit weight and size in the F1 population of longan and lychee were analyzed for the first time, providing an informative and theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of longan cultivars.

Effect of Natural Variation and Rootstock on Fruit Quality and Volatile Organic Compounds of ‘Kiyomi tangor’ (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Citrus

“…Fruit size and weight are very important economic traits in fruit breeding research [30]. In this study, our results have found significantly smaller weight and size of MT fruits, but significantly larger MT/Pt fruits (Table 1).…”

Nutrients, Phytochemicals and In Vitro Disease Prevention of Nephelium hypoleucum Kurz Fruit

“…Citric acid was also predominantly found in various cultivars of rambutan [ 36 ], while tartaric acid and malic acid were mainly found in different cultivars of lychee [ 37 ]. Similarly, malic acid was also predominantly detected in longan [ 38 ]. Compared to other fruits in the same family, N. hypoleucum Kurz expressed higher amounts of citric acid [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], causing a sour taste.…”

“…Similarly, malic acid was also predominantly detected in longan [ 38 ]. Compared to other fruits in the same family, N. hypoleucum Kurz expressed higher amounts of citric acid [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], causing a sour taste.…”

Temporal Accumulation of Geosmin, Oxalic Acid, and Total Dissolved Solids in Table Beet

“…Coordinated efforts to breed for lower oxalate levels in other crop species, such as spinach (Shi et al 2016), rhubarb (Libert 1987), tomato (Chakraborty et al 2013), winter wheat (Matros et al 2017), and soybean (Francis et al 2020), are in progress. Regarding rhubarb, a crop species in the same Order as beet, low (h 2 5 0.3-0.38) narrow-sense heritabilities have been estimated for oxalic acid concentration, whereas estimates of broad-sense heritability are moderate (H 2 5 0.58) for winter wheat (Matros et al 2017) and high (H 2 5 0.97) for populations resulting from a hybridization event between longan and lychee (Wang et al 2022). Research of other crop species has suggested that the type and quantity of exogenous nitrogen applied may influence the amount of oxalic acid found in plant tissues (Tian et al 2008;Rahman et al 2012;Liu et al 2015).…”