Inheritance of Diflubenzuron Resistance and Monooxygenase Activities in a Laboratory-Selected Strain of <I>Lucilia cuprina</I> (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Abstract

Inheritance of the high-level diflubenzuron resistance shown by a laboratory-selected strain of Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) was examined in matings with a susceptible reference strain. Progeny of reciprocal crosses between resistant females and susceptible males showed higher LC50 values than the alternate reciprocal cross, indicating some maternal influence on inheritance of resistance. Resistance was inherited in a codominant (S male x R female) or incompletely recessive (R male x S female) manner. Monooxygenase activities (aldrin epoxidation) of the F1 generations were also intermediate between the levels shown by the parental lines, however, inheritance of enzyme activities showed greater degrees of dominance than for resistance levels. There was also some maternal influence on inheritance of monooxygenase activities. Backcrosses of F1 generations to both susceptible and resistant parents did not fit the expected patterns for a major sex-linked resistance locus, indicating that the maternal influence on resistance inheritance was not associated with sex-linkage of a major resistance gene. The backcross data also failed to fit the model for a single major autosomal gene, suggesting that the resistance in the diflubenzuron-selected strain is polygenic, involving mechanisms additional to monooxygenases.

Genetic basis of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance to the chitin synthesis inhibitor lufenuron

“…The high deviation between the expected and observed mortalities of the backcrosses allowed the rejection of the monogenic inheritance model, raising the possibility that the resistance of S. frugiperda to lufenuron is associated with multiple genes. Although the mechanisms of resistance to chitin biosynthesis inhibitors have been described as reduced cuticular penetration of the insecticide, metabolic detoxification and target‐site mutations, there is strong evidence of a relationship between resistance to chitin biosynthesis inhibitors and detoxification processes mediated by P450 monooxygenases, characterised by a broad diversity of genes associated with processes of xenobiotic catalysis. Thus, multiple loci associated with detoxification enzymes may be related to the resistance of S. frugiperda to lufenuron.…”

Mode of Inheritance of Amitraz Resistance in a Brazilian Strain of the Southern Cattle Tick, Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)*

“…Given the possibility of amitraz resistance involving both target site and metabolic resistance mechanisms, it is not surprising to find the polygenic nature of amitraz resistance in B. microplus. The involvement of multiple genes and the maternal effect on the resistance level to diflubenzuron were similarly demonstrated in a laboratoryselected strain of Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (Kotze and Sales 2001). Although sex-linked inheritance of pesticide resistance has been demonstrated in several insect species (Daly and Fisk 1998;de Lame et al 2001;Shearer and Usmani 2001), we were unable to test sex-related response in B. microplus because we used a modified FAO larval bioassay technique to test larvae for which males and females are indistinguishable.…”

In vivo effect of diflubenzuron, administered via mineral salt supplementation, against Haematobia irritans and Rhipicephalus microplus parasitizing cattle

“…It is important to emphasize that the relatively low efficacy observed in the R. microplus studies should not be directly correlated with resistance to the insecticide tested. Although diflubenzuron resistance has been previously reported in the Australian blow fly Lucilia cuprina (KOTZE & SALES, 2001;LEVOT & SALES, 2002), resistance of R. microplus to this insecticide has not been reported so far. It is also important to highlight that pour-on fluazuron (a compound in the same family as diflubenzuron) has been shown to have elevated therapeutic and residual efficacy (≥ 90%) on farms where the R. microplus strain was the same as the one used for stall tests in the present study (CRUZ et al, 2014;GOMES et al, 2015;MACIEL et al, 2016;LOPES et al, 2017).…”