Inheritance of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA in Picea and composition of hybrids from introgression zones

Sutton, B. C. S.; Flanagan, D. J.; Gawley, J R; Newton, Craig; Lester, D. T.; El-Kassaby, Y. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00226220

Cited by 94 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This result reflects the extremely slow mutation rate of the chloroplast genome in conifers (estimated to be 5.3 ϫ 10 Ϫ10 mutations per gene per generation for sequenced regions) (14). The slow mutation rate, along with the fact that spruce cpDNA is paternally inherited through widely dispersed pollen (15,16), could have resulted in minimal genetic differentiation and obliterated the cpDNA signature of refuge locations in modern samples. Nevertheless, we found significant patterns in the geographic distribution of the cpDNA haplotypes that unambiguously differentiate the two regions (i.e., within Alaska versus outside Alaska), unveiling several lines of evidence for a glacial refuge of white spruce in Alaska.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice-age endurance: DNA evidence of a white spruce refugium in Alaska

Anderson¹,

Nelson³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

230

268

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Paleorecords offer key information for evaluating model simulations of species migration in response to forecast climatic change. However, their utility can be greatly compromised by the existence of glacial refugia that are undetectable in fossil records (cryptic refugia). Despite several decades of investigation, it remains controversial whether Beringia, the largely unglaciated area extending from northeastern Siberia to the Yukon Territory, harbored small populations of certain boreal tree species during the last glaciation. Here, we present genetic evidence for the existence of a glacial refuge in Alaska that helps to resolve this long-standing controversy. We sequenced chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) of white spruce (Picea glauca), a dominant boreal tree species, in 24 forest stands across northwestern North America. The majority of cpDNA haplotypes are unique, and haplotype diversity is relatively high in Alaska, arguing against the possibility that this species migrated into the region from areas south of the Laurentide Ice Sheet after the end of the last glaciation. Thus, white spruce apparently survived long glacial episodes under climatic extremes in a heterogeneous landscape matrix. These results suggest that estimated rates of tree migration from fossil records may be too high and that the ability of trees to track anthropogenic warming may be more limited than previously thought.Beringia ͉ Picea glauca ͉ refugia ͉ chloroplast ͉ climate change

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice-age endurance: DNA evidence of a white spruce refugium in Alaska

Anderson¹,

Nelson³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

230

268

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“…The hypothesis of nuclear inheritance is therefore an unlikely one, and maternal inheritance of the RFLP variation is a more parsimonious explanation for the results. Formal proof of maternal inheritance of cox1 variants detected by the same form of RFLP analysis has been given for interspecific crosses involving P. sylvestris and related conifers (Neale & Sederoff, 1989;Sutton et al, 1991;Wagner et al, 1991;DeVerno et al, 1993;Wang et al, 1996). It is therefore reasonable to assume that the variation analysed here is maternally inherited mtDNA variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For efficient RFLP analysis of the mtDNA in plants (which represents a small fraction of the total DNA) a homologous probe is required (Sutton et al, 1991). Sequences of the plant mitochondrial cox1 gene were extracted from the EMBL DNA database and aligned.…”

Section: Development Of Mtdna Markermentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple origins for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland: evidence from mitochondrial DNA variation

1998

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Data from the pollen record and from two forms of nuclear genetic markers suggest that present-day populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland were derived from more than one refugium after glaciation. In order to clarify this issue, genetic variation for maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was studied in 466 trees sampled from 20 natural populations in Scotland. A homologous probe for the cox1 mitochondrial gene of P. sylvestris was constructed and used to detect mtDNA RFLP variation. Two common (a and b) and one rare RFLP variant (c) were distinguished. Evidence from segregation patterns of variants within a polymorphic population was consistent with maternal inheritance of the RFLP variation. A survey of Scottish populations indicates that mitotype a is present at all sites, but that mitotype b is confined to three western populations. Genetic differentiation for mtDNA, which migrates solely by seed is much greater (F ST(m) = 0.370) than for nuclear markers (F ST(b) = 0.028) which are dispersed by both pollen and seed. The geographical distribution of mitotype b in western Scotland, and its absence from populations in northern France and Germany, suggest that P. sylvestris has been derived not only from continental Europe via England, but also by migration from a western refugium, probably in Ireland or western France.

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“…Important issues are related to the reproducibility of the RAPD marker system [31], other limitations, such as the presence of null alleles in the case of SSR assays that may underestimate heterozygosity [32], or the dominance nature of the RAPD and AFLP marker systems, where heterozygous individuals cannot be distinguished from homozygous ones, and lastly, the inexpensive generation of a vast abundance of highly polymorphic DNA markers to tackle genome-wide genetic diversity studies. Dependent on the study focus, genetic markers were derived from nuclear or organelle sequences; for example, chloroplast-or mitochondrial-derived diagnostic markers [33][34][35], dependent on the evidence of their maternal inheritance in the species, were used to trace back the colonization history of angiosperm forest tree species and conifers, respectively [36,37]. Although it has been known that variability within protein-coding regions is far less than within non-coding genomic regions, due to lower mutation rates and purifying selection to maintain proper protein functions, the study of polymorphic sites within coding sequences has been deemed more relevant because of their putative functional associations and, in addition, the ease of their interspecific transferability for comparative genetic studies based on sequence conservation.…”

Section: Marker Types and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Genetic Diversity in Forest Tree Populations Using Molecular Markers

2014

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Molecular markers have proven to be invaluable tools for assessing plants' genetic resources by improving our understanding with regards to the distribution and the extent of genetic variation within and among species. Recently developed marker technologies allow the uncovering of the extent of the genetic variation in an unprecedented way through increased coverage of the genome. Markers have diverse applications in plant sciences, but certain marker types, due to their inherent characteristics, have also shown their limitations. A combination of diverse marker types is usually recommended to provide an accurate assessment of the extent of intra-and inter-population genetic diversity of naturally distributed plant species on which proper conservation directives for species that are at risk of decline can be issued. Here, specifically, natural populations of forest trees are reviewed by summarizing published reports in terms of the status of genetic variation in the pure species. In general, for outbred forest tree species, the genetic diversity within populations is larger than among populations of the same species, indicative of a negligible local spatial structure. Additionally, as is the case for plants in general, the diversity at the phenotypic level is also much larger than at the marker level, as selectively neutral markers are commonly used to capture the extent of genetic variation. However, more and more, nucleotide diversity within candidate genes underlying adaptive traits are studied for signatures of selection at single sites. This adaptive genetic diversity constitutes important potential for future forest management and conservation purposes.

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Inheritance of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA in Picea and composition of hybrids from introgression zones

Cited by 94 publications

References 17 publications

Ice-age endurance: DNA evidence of a white spruce refugium in Alaska

Ice-age endurance: DNA evidence of a white spruce refugium in Alaska

Multiple origins for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland: evidence from mitochondrial DNA variation

Assessment of the Genetic Diversity in Forest Tree Populations Using Molecular Markers

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