Inheritance and Linkage of the Yd2 Gene Conditioning Resistance to the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Disease in Barley<sup>1</sup>

Schaller, C. W.; Qualset, C. O.; Rutger, J. N.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1964.0011183x000400050034x

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, Ryd2 and Ryd3, with similar eVects against BYDV-PAV and -MAV were identiWed in Ethiopian landraces. The eVect of the semi-dominant Ryd2 gene varies according to the genetic background, the environmental conditions and the virus isolate (Schaller et al 1964;Schaller 1984). This gene is located on chromosome arm 3HL (Schaller et al 1964;Collins et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eVect of the semi-dominant Ryd2 gene varies according to the genetic background, the environmental conditions and the virus isolate (Schaller et al 1964;Schaller 1984). This gene is located on chromosome arm 3HL (Schaller et al 1964;Collins et al 1996). Ryd2 has been reported to reduce the virus titre of BYDV-PAV and -MAV in young plants (Skaria et al 1985;Baltenberger et al 1987;Herrera and Plumb 1991;Ranieri et al 1993;Chalhoub et al 1994Chalhoub et al , 1995Sip et al 2006), but only to some isolates of CYDV-RPV (Banks et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyramiding of Ryd2 and Ryd3 conferring tolerance to a German isolate of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) leads to quantitative resistance against this isolate

et al. 2011

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Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is an economically important pathogen of barley, which may become even more important due to global warming. In barley, several loci conferring tolerance to BYDV-PAV-ASL-1 are known, e.g. Ryd2, Ryd3 and a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 2H. The aim of the present study was to get information whether the level of tolerance against this isolate of BYDV in barley can be improved by combining these loci. Therefore, a winter and a spring barley population of doubled haploid (DH) lines were genotyped by molecular markers for the presence of the susceptibility or the resistance encoding allele at respective loci (Ryd2, Ryd3, QTL on chromosome 2H) and were tested for their level of BYDV-tolerance after inoculation with viruliferous (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) aphids in Weld trials. In DH-lines carrying the combination Ryd2 and Ryd3, a signiWcant reduction of the virus titre was detected as compared to lines carrying only one of these genes. Furthermore, spring barley DH-lines with this allele combination also showed a signiWcantly higher relative grain yield as compared to lines carrying only Ryd2 or Ryd3. The QTL on chromosome 2H had only a small eVect on the level of tolerance in those lines carrying only Ryd2, or Ryd3 or a combination of both, but the eVect in comparison to lines carrying no tolerance allele was signiWcant. Overall, these results show that the combination of Ryd2 and Ryd3 leads to quantitative resistance against BYDV-PAV instead of tolerance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyramiding of Ryd2 and Ryd3 conferring tolerance to a German isolate of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) leads to quantitative resistance against this isolate

et al. 2011

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“…In barley, the Yd2 gene (Paltridge et al. , 1998), originally identified in Ethiopian concessions (Rasmusson and Schaller, 1959; Schaller et al. , 1964), can confer resistance against BYDV‐PAV, but its effectiveness varies depending on the genetic background of the plant and growth conditions (Larkin et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single copy of a virus‐derived transgene encoding hairpin RNA gives immunity to barley yellow dwarf virus

Wang

Abbott

Waterhouse

2000

Molecular Plant Pathology

202

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Summary Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) is the most serious and widespread virus of cereals worldwide. Natural resistance genes against this luteovirus give inadequate control, and previous attempts to introduce synthetic resistance into cereals have produced variable results. In an attempt to generate barley with protection against BYDV-PAV, plants were transformed with a transgene designed to produce hairpin (hp)RNA containing BYDV-PAV sequences. From 25 independent barley lines transformed with the BYDV-PAV hpRNA construct, nine lines showed extreme resistance to the virus and the majority of these contained a single transgene. In the progeny of two independent transgenic lines, inheritance of a single transgene consistently correlated with protection against BYDV-PAV. This protection was rated as immunity because the virus could not be detected in the challenged plants by ELISA nor recovered by aphid feeding experiments. In the field, BYDV-PAV is sometimes associated with the related luteovirus Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV). When the transgenic plants were challenged with BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV together, the plants were susceptible to CYDV-RPV but immune to BYDV-PAV. This shows that the immunity is virus-specific and not broken down by the presence of CYDV. It suggests that CYDV-RPV does not encode a silencing-suppressor gene or that its product does not protect BYDV-PAV against the plant's RNAi-like defence mechanism. Either way, our results indicate that the BYDV-PAV immunity will be robust in the field and is potentially useful in minimizing losses in cereal production worldwide.

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“…Later Schaller et al (1964) showed by translocation stocks that the gene was located in the centromeric region on chromosome 3H (Collins et al, 1996), close to the resistance locus Rrs1 to scald (Rhynchosporium secalis). Later Schaller et al (1964) showed by translocation stocks that the gene was located in the centromeric region on chromosome 3H (Collins et al, 1996), close to the resistance locus Rrs1 to scald (Rhynchosporium secalis).…”

Section: Resistance To Barley Yellow Dwarf Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Patterns of Diversity in Ethiopian Barleys

Bjørnstad

Abay

2010

Crop Science

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Ethiopian barleys (Hordeum vulgare L.) have been collected and described since the early expeditions by Harlan and Vavilov in the 1920s. This paper reviews the literature since then on the diversity and distinctness in this germplasm based on different types of traits (e.g., morphology, isozymes, DNA markers, phenotypic screenings). Most studies have been based on one type of trait at a time. They all indicate that Ethiopian barleys form a very distinct group, with unique diversity in resistance to certain diseases and in morphology, but the average DNA marker or nucleotide diversity is substantially less than barley from the Fertile Crescent. The recurrent suggestions of Ethiopia as a center of origin for barley are discussed; most data support the notion of a “secondary” center. There is a paucity of studies of adaptive traits important to Ethiopian conditions or breeding. The major pattern of adaptation reflects the rainfall patterns, following an altitudinal gradient with increasing rainfall and longer growing season up to about 3000 m altitude. As barleys become later in maturity, they become more susceptible to net blotch, but tolerant to scald and probably frosts during grain maturation. Several improved cultivars have resulted from the pure line selection program initiated about 20 yr ago.

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Inheritance and Linkage of the Yd2 Gene Conditioning Resistance to the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Disease in Barley¹

Cited by 48 publications

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Pyramiding of Ryd2 and Ryd3 conferring tolerance to a German isolate of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) leads to quantitative resistance against this isolate

Pyramiding of Ryd2 and Ryd3 conferring tolerance to a German isolate of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) leads to quantitative resistance against this isolate

A single copy of a virus‐derived transgene encoding hairpin RNA gives immunity to barley yellow dwarf virus

Multivariate Patterns of Diversity in Ethiopian Barleys

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Inheritance and Linkage of the Yd2 Gene Conditioning Resistance to the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Disease in Barley1

Cited by 48 publications

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Pyramiding of Ryd2 and Ryd3 conferring tolerance to a German isolate of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) leads to quantitative resistance against this isolate

Pyramiding of Ryd2 and Ryd3 conferring tolerance to a German isolate of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV-ASL-1) leads to quantitative resistance against this isolate

A single copy of a virus‐derived transgene encoding hairpin RNA gives immunity to barley yellow dwarf virus

Multivariate Patterns of Diversity in Ethiopian Barleys

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Inheritance and Linkage of the Yd2 Gene Conditioning Resistance to the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Disease in Barley¹