Inherent roadmap of conversion of plastic waste into energy and its life cycle assessment: A frontrunner compendium

Bk, Sharma; Goswami, Y. C.; Sharma, Shreya; Shekhar, Shashank

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111070

Cited by 49 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…6 ), plastics are burnt to ashes to generate heat which is used to boil water to release steam to turn turbine blades and this in turn generates electricity for the local grid. Concomitantly, this is accompanied by the release of greenhouse gases and toxic pollutants like acid gases, heavy metals and dioxins (Sharma et al 2021 ). The utilization of recovered energy (recovered in the form of heat after incineration of waste) varies noticeably which depend on the energy recovery method such as the combination of power and heat, generation of electricity and solid refuse fuel for cement kilns or blast furnaces (Yang et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Plastic Waste Conversion Technologies For Petmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, plastic recycling to recover PET can be achieved through mechanical recycling. Mechanical recycling is a common method used in many countries to process the plastic scraps to secondary raw materials (see “ Mechanical recycling ” section) (Gu et al 2017 ; Khoo 2019 ; Ren et al 2021 ; Sharma et al 2021 ). Often, the mechanical properties of the recycled plastics were inferior as compared to the virgin plastics.…”

Section: Retrofitting Pet Waste Treatment Towards a Sustainable Circu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lately, researchers have concentrated on increasing efficacy in power generation units for minimizing global warming. Integration of clean and renewable energy frameworks can concurrently reduce environmental pollution, enhance energy efficiency and reduce the total cost (Sharma et al 2021 ).…”

Section: A Potential Energy Harvesting Device Made From Recycled Petmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roadmap to sustainable plastic waste management: a focused study on recycling PET for triboelectric nanogenerator production in Singapore and India

Lai

Sharma

Roy

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study explores the implications of plastic waste and recycling management on recyclates for manufacturing clean-energy harvesting devices. The focus is on a comparative analysis of using recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) production, in two densely populated Asian countries of large economies, namely Singapore and India. Of the total 930,000 tonnes of plastic waste generated in Singapore in 2019, only 4% were recycled and the rest were incinerated. In comparison, India yielded 8.6 million tonnes of plastic waste and 70% were recycled. Both countries have strict recycling goals and have instituted different waste and recycling management regulations. The findings show that the waste policies and legislations, responsibilities and heterogeneity in collection systems and infrastructure of the respective country are the pivotal attributes to successful recycling. Challenges to recycle plastic include segregation, adulterants and macromolecular structure degradation which could influence the recyclate properties and pose challenges for manufacturing products. A model was developed to evaluate the economic value and mechanical potential of PET recyclate. The model predicted a 30% loss of material performance and a 65% loss of economic value after the first recycling cycle. The economic value depreciates to zero with decreasing mechanical performance of plastic after multiple recycling cycles. For understanding how TENG technology could be incorporated into the circular economy, a model has estimated about 20 million and 7300 billion pieces of aerogel mats can be manufactured from the PET bottles disposed in Singapore and India, respectively which were sufficient to produce small-scale TENG devices for all peoples in both countries.

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Section: Plastic Waste Conversion Technologies For Petmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retrofitting Pet Waste Treatment Towards a Sustainable Circu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Potential Energy Harvesting Device Made From Recycled Petmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Roadmap to sustainable plastic waste management: a focused study on recycling PET for triboelectric nanogenerator production in Singapore and India

Lai

Sharma

Roy

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The plastics dispersed in the wind and polluted huge land and water areas [4]. On the other hand, plastic trash undergoes photooxidation when exposed to ultraviolet radiation from sunshine [5]. Because of this degradation, the plastic begins to break down and crumble into microplastic particles [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Radial Basis Function Approach to Evaluate the Effect of Process Variables on Solar-Assisted Degradation of Starch-Plastics Composite in an Extruder Reactor

et al. 2022

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This study investigated the effect of process variables on the biodegradation of starch-plastics composite. The extrusion process was carried out with low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-starch blends in varied extrusion temperature and extruder speed and starch content. The parametric analysis based on the three-dimensional plots revealed a non-linear relationship between the input parameters and output. The datasets obtained from the extrusion process was employed for data-driven modeling using radial basis function, a machine learning algorithm. The radial basis function was trained using the backpropagation rule resulting in the prediction of the tensile strength, elongation to break, and yield point of the LDPEstarch composite. The robustness of the radial basis function in modeling the process is evident from the R 2 of 0.804, 0.855, and 0.766 obtained to predict tensile strength, elongation to break, and yield point, respectively, with minima prediction errors. The extrusion temperature, extruder speed, and starch content significantly influenced the predicted tensile strength, elongation to break, and yield point. However, the extrusion temperature was found to have the most significant effect. This study can be employed in understanding the appropriate conditions of parameters required to obtain a degradable material based on its mechanical properties.

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“…Plastic pollution has become an acute global concern and is a problem that causes adverse socioeconomic and environmental disturbances. Plastic waste, both industrial and municipal, represents a major environmental challenge in developing countries [8,9]. In 1972, when the first peer-reviewed investigation into plastic pollution was launched [10], the annual global production of plastics was about 50 million tons; in 2019, the plastics manufactured globally registered an increase of almost 7 times, reaching 368 million tons [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Plastic Waste into Supports for Nanostructured Heterogeneous Catalysts: Application in Environmental Remediation

et al. 2021

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Plastics are ubiquitous in our society and are used in many industries, such as packaging, electronics, the automotive industry, and medical and health sectors, and plastic waste is among the types of waste of higher environmental concern. The increase in the amount of plastic waste produced daily has increased environmental problems, such as pollution by micro-plastics, contamination of the food chain, biodiversity degradation and economic losses. The selective and efficient conversion of plastic waste for applications in environmental remediation, such as by obtaining composites, is a strategy of the scientific community for the recovery of plastic waste. The development of polymeric supports for efficient, sustainable, and low-cost heterogeneous catalysts for the treatment of organic/inorganic contaminants is highly desirable yet still a great challenge; this will be the main focus of this work. Common commercial polymers, like polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene therephthalate, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, are addressed herein, as are their main physicochemical properties, such as molecular mass, degree of crystallinity and others. Additionally, we discuss the environmental and health risks of plastic debris and the main recycling technologies as well as their issues and environmental impact. The use of nanomaterials raises concerns about toxicity and reinforces the need to apply supports; this means that the recycling of plastics in this way may tackle two issues. Finally, we dissert about the advances in turning plastic waste into support for nanocatalysts for environmental remediation, mainly metal and metal oxide nanoparticles.

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Inherent roadmap of conversion of plastic waste into energy and its life cycle assessment: A frontrunner compendium

Cited by 49 publications

References 84 publications

Roadmap to sustainable plastic waste management: a focused study on recycling PET for triboelectric nanogenerator production in Singapore and India

Roadmap to sustainable plastic waste management: a focused study on recycling PET for triboelectric nanogenerator production in Singapore and India

Data-Driven Radial Basis Function Approach to Evaluate the Effect of Process Variables on Solar-Assisted Degradation of Starch-Plastics Composite in an Extruder Reactor

Conversion of Plastic Waste into Supports for Nanostructured Heterogeneous Catalysts: Application in Environmental Remediation

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