Inherent potential of steelmaking to contribute to decarbonisation targets via industrial carbon capture and storage

Tian, Sicong; Jiang, Jianguo; Zhang, Zuotai; Manović, Vasilije

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06886-8

Cited by 89 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Here, the CaO from CaL can be used in DAC, or if DAC is carried out with a lime-based sorbent, then the spent lime can be fed back into the cement industry. Recently, it has also been demonstrated that lime can be very efficiently used in the steel industry for decarbonization as well, using a variant of the CaL option (Tian et al 2018). The basic philosophy of this work is that limestone and lime-based materials are ubiquitous, cheap, nontoxic and are compatible with two of the most important industrial sources of anthropogenic CO 2 (namely cement and steel), and a lime-based process, if it can be made to perform at a comparable level to DAC processes using sodium or potassium hydroxide, is inherently preferable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct capture of carbon dioxide from air via lime-based sorbents

Samari

Ridha²,

Manović

et al. 2019

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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Direct air capture (DAC) is a developing technology for removing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from the atmosphere or from low-CO 2 -containing sources. In principle, it could be used to remove sufficient CO 2 from the atmosphere to compensate for hard-to-decarbonize sectors, such as aviation, or even for polishing gas streams containing relatively low CO 2 concentrations. In this paper, the performance of lime-based sorbents for CO 2 capture from air in a fixed bed was investigated. The effects of sorbent type, particle diameter, air flow rate, and relative humidity on the breakthrough time, breakthrough shape, and global reaction rate over a series of capture and regeneration cycles were examined. The greatest reaction rates and conversions were obtained when the sorbents were pre-hydrated and inlet air was humidified to 55% relative humidity. Humidifying the air alone leads to axial carbonation gradients since there is competition between CO 2 and water with the available CaO. Negligible conversion, over the duration of the experiment, is obtained in a dry system without pre-hydration and humid air. A shrinking-core gas-solid reaction model was fitted to the breakthrough curves in order to estimate the surface reaction and effective diffusion constants. Although the surface reaction constants of the two sorbents were similar, the pelletized limestone had a greater effective diffusivity due to its greater porosity. At mild calcination conditions with air at 850°C, the pelletized particles maintained their activity over nine carbonation-calcination cycles with a conversion drop of only 9% points. However, calcination under oxy-fuel conditions (CO 2 at 920°C) reduced the pellet carbonation conversion from 81 to 59% and pore surface area from 12.01 to 3.20 m 2 /g after only 4 cycles. This research clearly shows that DAC using lime-based

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct capture of carbon dioxide from air via lime-based sorbents

Samari

Ridha²,

Manović

et al. 2019

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

Self Cite

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“…Effective decarbonisation of the industrial sector is a key wedge for meeting low climate warming targets 1 , 2 . The iron and steel industry is a particularly energy- and emission-intensive sector that accounts for ~8% of annual global anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, >2800 Mt CO 2 per year 3 – 5 . Two recent emissions scenarios to limit warming below 2 °C 4 , 5 proposed that the CO 2 budget of iron and steel emissions should be capped at 50 Gt between now and 2050.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The iron and steel industry is a particularly energy- and emission-intensive sector that accounts for ~8% of annual global anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, >2800 Mt CO 2 per year 3 – 5 . Two recent emissions scenarios to limit warming below 2 °C 4 , 5 proposed that the CO 2 budget of iron and steel emissions should be capped at 50 Gt between now and 2050. Meeting this budget is challenged by the persistently growing steel demand, which is expected to rise from 1.82 Gt-steel in 2020 to 2.55 Gt-steel in 2050 5 , 6 , driven by urbanisation and industrialisation in non-OECD countries 7 , 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonising the iron and steel sector for a 2 °C target using inherent waste streams

et al. 2022

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The decarbonisation of the iron and steel industry, contributing approximately 8% of current global anthropogenic CO2 emissions, is challenged by the persistently growing global steel demand and limitations of techno-economically feasible options for low-carbon steelmaking. Here we explore the inherent potential of recovering energy and re-using materials from waste streams, high-temperature slag, and re-investing the revenues for carbon capture and storage. In a pathway based on energy recovery and resource recycling of glassy blast furnace slag and crystalline steel slag, we show that a reduction of 28.5 ± 5.7% CO2 emissions to the sectoral 2 °C target requirements in the iron and steel industry could be realized in 2050 under strong decarbonization policy consistent with low warming targets. The technological schemes applied to engineer this high-potential pathway could generate a revenue of US$35 ± 16 and US$40 ± 18 billion globally in 2035 and 2050, respectively. If this revenue is used for carbon capture and storage implementation, equivalent CO2 emission to the 2 °C sectoral target requirements is expected to be reduced before 2050, without any external investments.

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“…Among them, fossil fuels account for 81% of the total energy consumption [5]. Second, some carbonbased resources are essential for industries, such as steel making, where high-temperature heat is required [6][7][8]. Copious amounts of by-product gas are generated in each unit process in the steel industry, which is the core industry of our society [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Reforming of CH4 Using Coke Oven Gas over Ni/MgO-Al2O3 Catalysts: Effect of the MgO:Al2O3 Ratio

et al. 2021

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Research is being actively conducted to improve the carbon deposition and sintering resistance of Ni-based catalysts. Among them, the Al2O3-supported Ni catalyst has been broadly studied for the dry reforming reaction due to its high CH4 activity at the beginning of the reaction. However, there is a problem of deactivation due to carbon deposition of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst and sintering of Ni, which is a catalytically active material. Supplementing MgO in Ni/Al2O3 catalyst can result in an improved MgAl2O4 spinel structure and basicity, which can be helpful for the activation of methane and carbon dioxide molecules. In order to confirm the optimal supports’ ratio in Ni/MgO-Al2O3 catalysts, the catalysts were prepared by supporting Ni after controlling the MgO:Al2O3 ratio stepwise, and the prepared catalysts were used for CO2 reforming of CH4 (CDR) using coke oven gas (COG). The catalytic reaction was conducted at 800 °C and at a high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV = 1,500,000 h−1) to screen the catalytic performance. The Ni/MgO-Al2O3 (MgO:Al2O3 = 3:7) catalyst showed the best catalytic performance between prepared catalysts. From this study, the ratio of MgO:Al2O3 was confirmed to affect not only the basicity of the catalyst but also the dispersion of the catalyst and the reducing property of the catalyst surface.

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Inherent potential of steelmaking to contribute to decarbonisation targets via industrial carbon capture and storage

Cited by 89 publications

References 35 publications

Direct capture of carbon dioxide from air via lime-based sorbents

Direct capture of carbon dioxide from air via lime-based sorbents

Decarbonising the iron and steel sector for a 2 °C target using inherent waste streams

CO2 Reforming of CH4 Using Coke Oven Gas over Ni/MgO-Al2O3 Catalysts: Effect of the MgO:Al2O3 Ratio

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