Inhalation incidents and respiratory health: results from the European Community respiratory health survey

Olivieri, Mario; Kromhout, Hans; Norbäck, Dan; Radon, Katja; Sprundel, Marc van; Villani, Simona; Zock, Jan‐Paul

doi:10.1002/ajim.20647

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the longitudinal European Community Respiratory Health Survey, it was found that retrospectively reported acute inhalations were associated with new-onset asthma (40). A more detailed analysis in this population showed that reporting bias could not be discarded; individuals with any respiratory problems at baseline were more likely to report inhalation incidents 9 years later (41). Cross-sectional studies also found that asthmatics more often had a history of single high exposure to irritant cleaning products than healthy controls (42)(43)(44).…”

Section: Epidemiological Evidence For Irritant-induced Asthmamentioning

confidence: 86%

EAACI position paper: irritant‐induced asthma

Vandenplas

Wiszniewska

Raulf

et al. 2014

Allergy

125

108

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The term irritant-induced (occupational) asthma (IIA) has been used to denote various clinical forms of asthma related to irritant exposure at work. The causal relationship between irritant exposure(s) and the development of asthma can be substantiated by the temporal association between the onset of asthma symptoms and a single or multiple high-level exposure(s) to irritants, whereas this relationship can only be inferred from epidemiological data for workers chronically exposed to moderate levels of irritants. Accordingly, the following clinical phenotypes should be distinguished within the wide spectrum of irritant-related asthma: (i) definite IIA, that is acute-onset IIA characterized by the rapid onset of asthma within a few hours after a single exposure to very high levels of irritant substances; (ii) probable IIA, that is asthma that develops in workers with multiple symptomatic high-level exposures to irritants; and (iii) possible IIA, that is asthma occurring with a delayed-onset after chronic exposure to moderate levels of irritants. This document prepared by a panel of experts summarizes our current knowledge on the diagnostic approach, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of the various phenotypes of IIA.Abbreviations IIA, irritant-induced asthma; NSBH, nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness; OA, occupational asthma; RADS, reactive airways dysfunction syndrome; TRP, transient receptor potential.

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Section: Epidemiological Evidence For Irritant-induced Asthmamentioning

confidence: 86%

EAACI position paper: irritant‐induced asthma

Vandenplas

Wiszniewska

Raulf

et al. 2014

Allergy

125

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Acute inhalation accidents can cause short-tem and longer-term lung damage and are normally associated with a single high-level inhaled exposure. A wide variety of agents are implicated 4. Irritant gases, such as chlorine,5 are well understood to produce airway injury, but certain low molecular weight chemicals (such as isocyanates6), other irritant agents (such as ozone7) and complex mixtures8 are also implicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their importance, real-world data about their causes, commonly represented industries and associated occupations and incidence remain relatively poorly understood. Previous epidemiological work suggests that episodes of exposures to high levels of pollutants are common 4. Recent SWORD based analysis has also identified a link between exposures to cleaning agents and inhalation accidents 9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational inhalational accidents: analysis of cases from the UK SWORD reporting scheme from 1999 to 2018

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo estimate the reported UK incidence of occupational inhalation accidents, and to consider changes of incidence and potential causes over time.MethodsCases of occupational inhalation accident reported to Surveillance of Work Related Occupational Respiratory Diseases (SWORD) over 20 years were grouped into four 5-year time periods. Cases were characterised by causative exposure, occupation and industrial sector. Incidence rates were calculated using Office of National Statistics employment data.ResultsThe 172 actual cases reported to SWORD equated to an estimated 502 cases after adjusting for reporting frequency. Their mean age was 41.3 years (SD 12.3); 77% were male. The annual incidence fell from 1.7 per million employed in the first 5-year period, to 0.5 in the most recent. The most common occupations, responsible for 35% of all cases, were in descending order (number, % of total cases): Labourers in process and plant operations (8, 4.7), welding trades (8, 4.7), fire service officers (8, 4.7), heavy goods vehicle drivers (7, 4.1), metal working production and maintenance fitters (7, 4.1), civil service administrative officers and assistants (7, 4.1), food, drink and tobacco process operatives (6, 3.5), and three summated categories of elementary and service occupations including cleaners and domestics (10, 5.8).Three of 40 exposure categories were common to all time periods; acids (19.6% of all cases 1999–2004, 2.3% 2005–2009, 6.3% 2010–2013, 6.3% 2014–2018), chlorine/hypochlorites (7.2%, 7.0%, 2.5%, 6.3%, respectively) and solvents (14.4%, 11.6%, 12.5%, 6.3%, respectively).ConclusionsThe incidence of inhalation accidents appears to have fallen, although certain exposures appear to be persistently linked to cases.

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“…Occupational exposure-induced lung diseases are the primary cause of occupation-associated illness in the United States 28 . The rates of acute inhalation incidents are not well known but have been largely attributable to lack of adequate respiratory or ventilation equipment, equipment failure, leaks/spills, accidents, fires, disasters, among others with treatment consisting of supportive care approaches including oxygen, bronchodilators, and sometimes corticosteroids 29 , 30 . Using high concentration acute LPS inhalation animal modeling, these current time continuum studies demonstrated a rapid rise/recovery in weight loss, proinflammatory mediators, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, but also a prolonged persistence of activated macrophage and recruited/transitioning monocyte-macrophage subpopulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-endotoxin exposure-induced lung inflammation and resolution consequences beneficially impacted by lung-delivered IL-10 therapy

Poole

Gaurav

Schwab

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Although lung diseases typically result from long-term exposures, even a robust, one-time exposure can result in long-lasting consequences. Endotoxin is a ubiquitous environmental/occupational inflammatory agent often used to model airway inflammation. Using a murine model, the return to lung homeostasis following high dose inhalant lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10–100 μg) exposure were delineated over 2 weeks. LPS-induced rapid weight loss, release of proinflammatory mediators, and inflammatory cell influx with prolonged persistence of activated macrophages CD11c+CD11b+ and recruited/transitioning CD11cintCD11b+ monocyte-macrophages out to 2 weeks. Next, lung-delivered recombinant (r) interleukin (IL)-10 was intratracheally administered for 3 doses initiated 5 h following LPS (10 μg) exposure for 2 days. IL-10 therapy reduced LPS-induced weight loss and increased blood glucose levels. Whereas there was no difference in LPS-induced bronchoalveolar lavage airway fluid cellular influx, total lung cell infiltrates were reduced (37%) with rIL-10 treatment. Post-LPS exposure treatment with rIL-10 strikingly reduced lavage fluid and lung homogenate levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (88% and 93% reduction, respectively), IL-6 (98% and 94% reduction), CXCL1 (66% and 75% reduction), and CXCL2 (47% and 67% reduction). LPS-induced recruited monocyte-macrophages (CD11cintCD11b+) were reduced (68%) with rIL-10. Correspondingly, LPS-induced lung tissue CCR2+ inflammatory monocyte-macrophage were reduced with rIL-10. There were also reductions in LPS-induced lung neutrophils, lymphocyte subpopulations, collagen content, and vimentin expression. These findings support the importance of studying resolution processes for the development of treatment after unintended environmental/occupational biohazard exposures. Short-term, lung-delivered rIL-10 favorably hastened inflammatory recovery processes following acute, high dose inhalant LPS exposure.

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Inhalation incidents and respiratory health: results from the European Community respiratory health survey

Abstract: Background-Inhalation incidents are an important cause of acute respiratory symptoms, but little is known about how these incidents affect chronic respiratory health.

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

EAACI position paper: irritant‐induced asthma

EAACI position paper: irritant‐induced asthma

Occupational inhalational accidents: analysis of cases from the UK SWORD reporting scheme from 1999 to 2018

Post-endotoxin exposure-induced lung inflammation and resolution consequences beneficially impacted by lung-delivered IL-10 therapy

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