Inglesinhos convent: Compatible renders and other measures to mitigate water capillary rising problems

Veiga, Rosário; Fragata, Ana; Tavares, Martha; Magalhães, Ana Cristian; Ferreira, Nuno

doi:10.1057/jba.2009.28

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Limewater with 5% ethyl silicate registered a higher increase~almost 30%!, due to the formation of colloidal silica on the treated surface. The values reflected the trend of precedent studies that were made on ancient lime-based mortars~Tavares et al, 2008b; Veiga et al, 2009;Santos Silva et al, 2010!. …”

Section: Durometer Hardness (Shore A)supporting

confidence: 71%

Microstructural Characterization of Consolidant Products for Historical Renders: An Innovative Nanostructured Lime Dispersion and a More Traditional Ethyl Silicate Limewater Solution

2012

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The conservation and durability of historical renders must be carried out through compatible techniques and materials. An important operation is the restitution of historical renders cohesion, turned friable by the loss of binder, usually due to physical and/or chemical actions. Surface consolidation is based on the use of materials with aggregating properties. This operation is reached usually through the application of organic or mineral consolidants, but inorganic consolidants are becoming preferred due to better compatibility and durability. In this article two mineral compatible consolidation products were studied: a commercial suspension of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in propanol and a limewater dispersion of ethyl silicate. Microscopy (optical and scanning electron microscopy) and X-ray microanalyses of the consolidation products and of the consolidated mortar specimens were carried out. To assess the mechanical properties and product's efficacy, analyses of the compression, flexural strength, and superficial hardness were performed. Microscopy results show that limewater dispersion of ethyl silicate forms platelike silica gels, which can interfere in product penetration. Otherwise, nanolime particles permit homogeneous distribution and optimum penetration on the treated substrate, improving cementing action and the agglomeration process.

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Section: Durometer Hardness (Shore A)supporting

confidence: 71%

Microstructural Characterization of Consolidant Products for Historical Renders: An Innovative Nanostructured Lime Dispersion and a More Traditional Ethyl Silicate Limewater Solution

2012

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“…The anomalies in the structure of the crypt's mosaics may be the result of the high accumulation of water due to: (i) capillary rise of groundwater, likely through the more permeable materials of the mosaic structure; and (ii) rising damp due to the accumulation of surface water near the structure surrounding the mosaics. The lack of drainage system around the mosaic floor and lack of ventilation had unfavorable results on the mosaics [35,36]. The mosaic 1 feature squares were made of granite tesserae alternated with squares made of white limestone tesserae (Figure 7).…”

Section: Description and Conservation Of The Mosaic's Pavementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological and Chemical Investigation on the High Imperial Mosaic Floor Mortars of the Domus Integrated in the Museum of Archaeology D. Diogo de Sousa, Braga, Portugal

et al. 2021

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This paper intends to characterize the floor mortar layers (nucleus, rudus and statumen) of the high imperial mosaics of the domus integrated in the Museum of Archeology D. Diogo de Sousa, the oldest roman housing testimonies known in Braga, Portugal. It offers an important archaeological and historical contextualization and first chemical characterization attempt on the mortars. The study of 13 mortar samples was carried out at a chemical level through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). All samples presented low lime content when compared to similar studies. A high chemical similarity between nucleus mortars (opus signinum) and chemical composition differences between rudus and statumen mortars was determined, confirmed by statistical analyses. Their composition was distinctly related to the stratigraphic position of each floor mortar layer, following Vitruvius’ model, and to the external conditions and treatments (e.g., capillary rise with soluble salts and application of chemical treatments), to which they were submitted.

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“…Plastering and rendering mortars have been an important part of cultural heritage for thousands of years, providing a specific design that is typical for different eras, providing support for wall paintings and stuccoes, as well as protection of covered structures. The most common binders in historical renders and plasters were usually (aerial) lime-based; the presence of lime has been detected in plaster samples from different periods [1][2][3][4], occasionally in combination with gypsum [5] or pozzolanic materials [6][7][8]. Research into the hydraulicity of binders commenced at the end of the eighteenth century, and since then, binders such as natural hydraulic lime and Portland cement analogues have also been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the end of the nineteenth century, cement has become the most widely used binding material for mortars [9]. However, lime-based mortars are still a prevailing material in the field of historic preservation due to their compatibility with historical lime-based structures [3,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolite Lightweight Repair Renders: Effect of Binder Type on Properties and Salt Crystallization Resistance

et al. 2021

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Rendering mortars with lightweight zeolite aggregates were designed and tested. The effect of the type of binder used was also researched. For the hardened mortars, macrostructural parameters, mechanical characteristics, hygric and thermal properties were assessed. Specific attention was paid to the analysis of the salt crystallization resistance of the developed rendering mortars. Quartz sand was fully replaced in the composition of mortars with zeolite gave materials with low density, high porosity, sufficient mechanical strength, high water vapor permeability and high water absorption coefficient, which are technical parameters required for repair rendering mortars as prescribed in the WTA directive 2-9-04/D and EN 998-1. Moreover, the zeolite enhanced mortars exhibit good thermal insulation performance and high sorption capacity. The examined rendering mortars were found to be well durable against salt crystallization, which supports their applicability in salt-laden masonry. Based on the compatibility of the repair materials with those originally used, the lime and natural hydraulic lime zeolite mortars can be used as rendering mortars for the repair of historical and heritage buildings. The cement-lime zeolite render is applicable for repair purposes only in the case of the renewal of masonry in which Portland cement-based materials were originally used.

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Inglesinhos convent: Compatible renders and other measures to mitigate water capillary rising problems

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Microstructural Characterization of Consolidant Products for Historical Renders: An Innovative Nanostructured Lime Dispersion and a More Traditional Ethyl Silicate Limewater Solution

Microstructural Characterization of Consolidant Products for Historical Renders: An Innovative Nanostructured Lime Dispersion and a More Traditional Ethyl Silicate Limewater Solution

Archaeological and Chemical Investigation on the High Imperial Mosaic Floor Mortars of the Domus Integrated in the Museum of Archaeology D. Diogo de Sousa, Braga, Portugal

Zeolite Lightweight Repair Renders: Effect of Binder Type on Properties and Salt Crystallization Resistance

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