Ingestion of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) via dietary sources in high background radiation areas of south India

Arunachalam, Kantha Deivi; Baskaran, Kamesh Viswanathan; Rao, D. D. Bhaktavatsala; Sathyapriya, R. S.; Annamalai, Sathesh Kumar; Kuruva, Jaya Krishna; Hari, Shanmugasundaram

doi:10.3109/09553002.2014.922720

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The presence of nuclides in mushrooms and plant-based foods depends on the geological structure of the lithosphere, the agronomic condition of arable soils, and the climate [47,48]. In general, higher activity concentrations of radionuclides have been measured in Ramsar (Iran), Kerala and Madras (India), Yangjiang (China), Pakistan, Brazil and Sudan, in high natural radioactivity background areas or impacted by TENORM [15,47,[49][50][51][52][53].…”

Section: Naturally Occurring Radioisotopes In Mushroomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Occurrence of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides in Wild Mushrooms

Strumińska-Parulska

Falandysz

2020

IJERPH

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Alpha-emitting radioisotopes are the most toxic among all radionuclides. In particular, medium to long-lived isotopes of the heavier metals are of the greatest concern to human health and radiological safety. This review focuses on the most common alpha-emitting radionuclides of natural and anthropogenic origin in wild mushrooms from around the world. Mushrooms bio-accumulate a range of mineral ionic constituents and radioactive elements to different extents, and are therefore considered as suitable bio-indicators of environmental pollution. The available literature indicates that the natural radionuclide 210Po is accumulated at the highest levels (up to 22 kBq/kg dry weight (dw) in wild mushrooms from Finland), while among synthetic nuclides, the highest levels of up to 53.8 Bq/kg dw of 239+240Pu were reported in Ukrainian mushrooms. The capacity to retain the activity of individual nuclides varies between mushrooms, which is of particular interest for edible species that are consumed either locally or, in some cases, also traded on an international scale. The effective radiation dose from the ingestion of this food can reportedly range from 0.033 µSv/kg dw to 26.8 mSv/kg and varies depending on the country. Following pollution events, such consumption may expose consumers to highly radiotoxic decay particles produced by alpha emitters.

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Section: Naturally Occurring Radioisotopes In Mushroomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Occurrence of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides in Wild Mushrooms

Strumińska-Parulska

Falandysz

2020

IJERPH

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“…The lower values of the annual 210 Po intakes are found in Argentina, Brazil and the UK (from 20 to 30 µSv/y), where the marine food plays a minor role in diets [ 43 , 49 , 54 ]. On the other hand, the highest annual 210 Po intake (from 400 to 1200 µSv/y) is in countries like India, Portugal, Spain, the Marshall Islands, Lapland (in the north of Finland) and northern Canada, where marine food is an essential part of diet [ 4 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. Unlike adult residents of other countries, adults living in Poland receive a high annual dose of 210 Po and 210 Pb as a result of smoking cigarettes and marijuana hash (162 µSv/y).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Polonium 210Po and Radio-Lead 210Pb in Human Body in Poland

Boryło

Skwarzec

Wieczorek

2022

IJERPH

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This article contains and discusses the results of research on the source of polonium 210Po and radio-lead 210Pb in the human body of adults living in Poland. An adult inhabitant of Poland receives an effective annual radiation dose of 309 µSv from inhalation and absorption of 210Po and 210Pb. The main sources of both radionuclides in the body is cigarette and marijuana smoking. In terms of food, the consumption of fish, cereals, vegetables and fruit as well as mushrooms have the largest contribution to annual dose. This study highlights the importance of cigarette smoking and the growing importance of marijuana hash smoking as the main source of 210Po and 210Pb for adults living in Poland. The calculated dose that results from the decay of both radionuclides in body is 1/10 of the annual radiation dose received by a Polish inhabitant from natural sources (2.8 mSv) and is almost five times lower than the dose resulting from the inhalation of 222Rn.

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“…In recent years, scholars have additionally proposed a new continuous extraction system for the continuous separation and enrichment of 210 Po, uranium, and thorium isotopes. This system is composed of TRU resin, SR resin, and RA-01 and AG50Wx8 mixed columns (HRA resin) [42,43]. Compared with other methods, this new method reduces the processing time, amount of chemical reagent, and amount of resin needed [108], and it has already been applied to the separation and purification of water and slag samples.…”

Section: Extraction Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Polonium-210 in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples: A Review

Zhou,

Wang,

Ren

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Ingestion of polonium-210 from environmental media and food can cause serious health hazards (e.g., gastrointestinal symptoms, tumours, etc.) and has been a public health concern worldwide since the 2006 poisoning of Agent Litvinenko 210Po in Russia. With the development of uranium mining and applications of nuclear technology in recent decades, the radioactive hazards posed by 210Po to living organisms and the environment have become increasingly prominent. In order to strengthen the monitoring of environmental 210Po and protect both the environment and human health, a series of explorations on the methods of 210Po determination have been ongoing by researchers across the globe. However, previous reviews have focused on individual sample types and have not provided a comprehensive account of environmental, food, and biological samples that are closely related to human health. In this work, the sources, health hazards, chemical purification, and detection methods of trace 210Po in different sample types are systematically reviewed. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatment methods are compared, and relevant domestic and international standards are integrated, which puts forward a new direction for the subsequent establishment of rapid, simple, and efficient measurement methods.

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Ingestion of Polonium (²¹⁰Po) via dietary sources in high background radiation areas of south India

Abstract: The study confirms that the current levels of (210)Po do not pose a significant radiological risk to the local inhabitants.

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

A Review of the Occurrence of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides in Wild Mushrooms

A Review of the Occurrence of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides in Wild Mushrooms

Sources of Polonium 210Po and Radio-Lead 210Pb in Human Body in Poland

Detection of Polonium-210 in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples: A Review

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Ingestion of Polonium (210Po) via dietary sources in high background radiation areas of south India

Abstract: The study confirms that the current levels of (210)Po do not pose a significant radiological risk to the local inhabitants.

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

A Review of the Occurrence of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides in Wild Mushrooms

A Review of the Occurrence of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides in Wild Mushrooms

Sources of Polonium 210Po and Radio-Lead 210Pb in Human Body in Poland

Detection of Polonium-210 in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples: A Review

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Ingestion of Polonium (²¹⁰Po) via dietary sources in high background radiation areas of south India