Ingestion of Egg Raises Plasma Low Density Lipoproteins in Free-Living Subjects

Sacks, F M; Miller, L. M.; Sutherland, Michael R.; Albers, J J; Salazar, Jorge L.; Foster, JohnM.; Samonds, KennethW.; Kass, E. H.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92168-8

Cited by 71 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These results are consistent with results from previous studies (Keys et al 1957(Keys et al , 1965aHegsted et al, 1965;Roberts et al, 1981;Tan et al, 1980;Sacks et al, 1984;McMurry et al, 1982;Mattson & Grundy, 1985;Laine et al, 1982;Anonymous, 1990;Ng et al, 1991;Denke & Grundy, 1992), even though our study was conducted with typical diets, among free-living subjects who continued their regular daily activities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of palm oil and dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoproteins: results from a dietary crossover trial in free-living subjects

2001

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Objective: To study the effects of palm oil (PO) and egg consumption (E) on plasma lipoproteins. Design: Randomized crossover trial. Setting: Free-living subjects. Subjects: Twenty-eight healthy male students aged 20 -34 y. Interventions: Four typical Colombian diets (10 878 kJ=day; 57% energy in carbohydrates, 12% energy in proteins and 31% energy in fats) were consumed for 4 weeks. The HPOLC diet was high in PO (8.8% energy as palmitic acid, PA) and low in eggs (181.2 mg=kJ of dietary cholesterol, DC); the HPOHC diet was high in PO and high in eggs (866.1 mg=kJ of DC); the MPOMC diet was moderate in PO (6.3% energy as PA) and moderate in eggs (581.6 mg=kJ of DC); and the LOPOMC diet had no PO and was moderate in eggs (543.9 mg=kJ of DC). Main outcome: Total (TC), low density (LDL-c), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triacylglycerols (TAG) were measured on a pool of three fasting blood samples collected in consecutive days the last week of each diet. Results: Comparison of the HPOHC and HPOLC diets showed increases in TC and LDL-c of 0.21 (P ¼ 0.01), and 0.16 mmol=l (P ¼ 0.05). Comparison of LOPOMC and MPOMC diets showed increases in TC and LDL-c of 0.39 (P < 0.001), and 0.38 mmol=l (P < 0.001), respectively. No significant changes in HDL-c or TAG were observed. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that non-extreme short-term changes in PO and DC consumption lead to significant elevations in plasma TC and LDL-c.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of palm oil and dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoproteins: results from a dietary crossover trial in free-living subjects

2001

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“…In people consuming a low-cholesterol diet, egg yolk intake increased fasting serum cholesterol level by 40 mg/dL (1.04 mmol/L) (31). This finding was substantiated later by Mattson et al (32) and Sacks et al (33), who found a 12% increase in LDL cholesterol level with egg consumption.…”

Section: Dietary Cholesterol Postprandial Fat and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 56%

Dietary cholesterol and egg yolks: Not for patients at risk of vascular disease

Spence¹,

Jenkins

Davignon³

2010

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

121

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“…1 - 8 The response to a change in saturated fat intake tends to be much larger than the response to dietary cholesterol, and although individual variability occurs, few people are truly unresponsive. 9 -13 McNamara et al 13 in an extensive trial of free-living subjects, found that 70% of people could effectively compensate for an increase in dietary cholesterol by down-regulating cholesterol synthesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between sensitivity to dietary fat and dietary cholesterol.

et al. 1990

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A group of 56 hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic men and women were given approximately 700 mg a day of egg yolk cholesterol In a double-blind, crossover study while they were on a background diet containing approximately 30% of energy as fat. Overall there was a 0.23 mmol/l rise In plasma cholesterol (3.7%, p<0.001) after 4 weeks, a 0.19 mmol/l rise in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (4.9%, p=0.002), and a 0.07 mmol/l rise In high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (5.4%, p<0.001). Plasma trlglycerides fell by 0.07 mmol/l (5.1%). Normocholesterolemic Individuals (plasma cholesterol <5.2 mmol/l) experienced small, nonsignificant rises of 0.06, 0.02, and 0.05 mmol/l In total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol, respectively. Hypercholesterolemic sub|ects were classified on the basis of their response to a low fat diet. Diet-sensitive sub|ects were defined by a > 10% fall In plasma cholesterol on a 25% fat, low cholesterol (<200 mg/day) diet These individuals were found to be more responsive to the effect of dietary cholesterol than were dlet-insensltlve subjects; the respective changes In the two groups were rises of 0. A n increase in dietary cholesterol produces a small, but significant, increase in plasma cholesterol in most large experimental groups, but there is great individual variability.1 -8 The response to a change in saturated fat intake tends to be much larger than the response to dietary cholesterol, and although individual variability occurs, few people are truly unresponsive. 9 -13 McNamara et al. 13 in an extensive trial of free-living subjects, found that 70% of people could effectively compensate for an increase in dietary cholesterol by down-regulating cholesterol synthesis. A similar proportion of metabolic "compensators" had earlier been reported by Nestel and Poyser.14 In the former study, only 10% of the individuals had a significant (10%) increase in plasma cholesterol, and these individuals failed to downregulate cholesterol synthesis and tended to have high cholesterol absorption rates. A possible genetic basis has been suggested by Kesaniemi et al. 16 who demonstrated that subjects with the E4 allele for apolipoprotein (apo) E had a higher fractional cholesterol absorption From the CSIRO Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide, South Australia.This work was partly supported by the National Heart Foundation of Australia and the Egg Industry Research Council of Australia.Address for reprints: Dr. P.J. Nestel, CSIRO Division of Human Nutrition, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia.Received August 3, 1989; revision accepted December 11, 1989. than did subjects with the E2 allele. Individuals carrying an apo E4 allele had a much higher low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration than did those with the E2 allele. 16 Katan et al. 17 have recently shown that there may be a correlation between sensitivity to changes in dietary saturated fat intake and sensitivity to dietary cholesterol in normocholesterolemic individuals. However, hypercholesterolemic ind...

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Ingestion of Egg Raises Plasma Low Density Lipoproteins in Free-Living Subjects

Cited by 71 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of palm oil and dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoproteins: results from a dietary crossover trial in free-living subjects

Effects of palm oil and dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoproteins: results from a dietary crossover trial in free-living subjects

Dietary cholesterol and egg yolks: Not for patients at risk of vascular disease

Relationship between sensitivity to dietary fat and dietary cholesterol.

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