Infrared Transmission of Synthetic Atmospheres* I Instrumentation

Howard, John N.; Burch, Darrell E.; Williams, D. Dudley

doi:10.1364/josa.46.000186

Cited by 119 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This was subsequently confirmed experimentally in the work of Howard [112] and in our work [113, 1141. V. P. Kozlov and E. 0. Fedorova [115] derived a formula, which can be used to estimate the maximum error made on the interval Av when the total transmission is determined by the spectrometer from its known apparatus function.…”

Section: Some General Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Propagation of Visible and Infrared Waves in the Atmosphere (Rasprostranenie Vidimykh i Infrakrasnykh Voln v Atmosfere)

Zuev¹

1972

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Section: Some General Conclusionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…To determine the fitted parameters the data from the experimental studies made by Howard, Burch and Williams were used [213].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation of Visible and Infrared Waves in the Atmosphere (Rasprostranenie Vidimykh i Infrakrasnykh Voln v Atmosfere)

Zuev¹

1972

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“…Mügge and Möller (1932) was based entirely on Fowl's laboratory works. The other often-used absorption schemes are those by Howard and his team at Ohio State University (Howard et al 1956a;Howard et al 1956b;Howard et al 1956c;Howard et al 1956d;Burch et al 1956) and McDonald (1960). The Howard scheme did not include water vapor α and 0.8μ bands, as their effect was considered to be too weak.…”

Section: -1964mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development and the Present Status of Energy Balance Climatology

Ohmura

2014

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Energy balance climatology emerged from the 19th century thermodynamics and radiation research. Energy balance consideration offered an attractive intellectual ground to apply the conservation principle to a natural process. The climate system was often compared to the processes in a steam engine. Research into this field started with insufficient theory of radiation and turbulence, primitive instruments, and limited observational data. In the course of the last 150 years, energy balance climatology gradually gathered advanced theories, continuously improved instruments, newly acquired observation platforms, such as space, and high performance computational capability. In the present article, the processes of climate formation are examined by going back to the principle of energy conservation. Further, the development of this branch of science is presented in five stages characterized by similar stages of theoretical and technical progress. This review visits important steps in the course of these developments and examines their value in reaching the present stage of knowledge. Although the achievements of the last 150 years are impressive, the present understanding of energy balance is far from sufficient. The main problem stems from the fact that the scientific community has not fully used the outcome of laboratory experiments and precision field observations. As high-quality observations are presently being made throughout the entire world, a new and improved knowledge of energy balance will become available in the near future.

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“…This is an important factor in hyperbaric diving applications where total pressures range up to 20 atmospheres. Near atmospheric pressure, C0 2 absorption can be expressed by the relationship developed by Howard, Burch, and Williams (12 ) v2 a(V) d V -27.5 + 34 lOglo W + 31.5 loglo (P+p).…”

Section: Operating Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%