Infrared thermography applied to the analysis of material behavior: a brief overview

Chrysochoos, André

doi:10.1080/17686733.2012.746069

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“… In all diagrams a cooling down of the surface of the test specimens due to the thermo-elastic effect with increasing time and thus increasing load and displacement could be observed [9,10]. Especially for the non-damaged area R3, the cooling down occurred until the failure of the samples.…”

Section: Fig 6 Temperature (Red Green and Blue Lines) And Tensile mentioning

confidence: 89%

Characterisation of artificial defects in CFRP and GFRP sheets designed for energy applications using active thermography

Maierhofer¹,

Krankenhagen²,

Röllig³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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The increased use of fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) composites for improved efficiency and reliability in energy related applications e.g. wind and marine turbine blades, nacelles, oil and gas flexible risers, also increases the demand for innovative non-destructive testing technologies. Thus, in order to achieve increased acceptance of suited and optimized non-destructive testing (NDT) methods in industry, the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) project ENG57 Validated Inspection Techniques for Composites in Energy Applications (VITCEA) deals with the development and validation of innovative NDT technologies. In this contribution, results concerning thermographic investigations at test specimens during tensile loading and active thermography testing after tensile loading are presented. Additionally, the determination of the optical properties (relative transmittance and directional spectral emissivity) of CFRP and GFRP test specimens is described.

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Section: Fig 6 Temperature (Red Green and Blue Lines) And Tensile mentioning

confidence: 89%

Characterisation of artificial defects in CFRP and GFRP sheets designed for energy applications using active thermography

Maierhofer¹,

Krankenhagen²,

Röllig³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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“…It can be noticed in figure 2 b that the maximal average temperature drop ( 0.20 K) in the specimen occurs significantly earlier than the limit of the reversible deformation ( 930 MPa) macroscopically estimated. It means that such a large limit of the reversible elastic deformation (nonlinear), highlighted as the Gum Metal "super" property [1][2][3][4], originates from other deformation mechanisms and probably cannot be described by the Lord Kelvin formula [5,6,14]. The maximal temperature growth accompanying the specimen rupture is high and equals 95.5 K. It is related to strong plastic localization of the deformation ending with rupture at the strain of around 0.18. a) b) The temperature variation plot and the thermograms (0) and (1) show that in the linear elastic regime the maximal temperature drop is observed.…”

Section: Fig 1: A) Experimental Set-up; B) Technical Drawing and C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared thermography applied for experimental investigation of thermomechanical couplings in Gum Metal

Golasiński¹,

Pieczyska²,

Staszczak³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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Results of initial investigation of thermomechanical couplings in innovative β-Ti alloy called Gum Metal subjected to tension are presented. The experimental set-up, consisting of testing machine and infrared camera, enabled to obtain stress-strain curves with high accuracy and correlate them to estimated temperature changes of the specimen during the deformation process. Both ultra-low elastic modulus and high strength of Gum Metal were confirmed. The infrared measurements determined average and maximal temperature changes accompanying the alloy deformation process, allowed to estimate thermoelastic effect, which is related to the alloy yield point. The temperature distributions on the specimen surface served to analyze strain localization effects leading to the necking and rupture. MotivationGum Metal, a new class of β-type multifunctional titanium alloys, has attracted considerable attention in the past decade due to its outstanding mechanical properties. The underlying mechanisms of its excellent performance are still unclear. The literature reports have not covered thermographic analysis of the alloy so far. Since infrared techniques and studies of thermomechanical couplings are a great tool for better understanding of mechanical behavior and phenomena occurring in materials the present research aimed at conducting thermomechanical and thermographic investigation of Gum Metal during tension. IntroductionGum Metal is a β-type Ti-based superalloy developed in Japan and reported first in 2003 [1]. Three electronic parameters were proposed for providing β phase stability: (1) a compositional average valence number (e/a) of about 4.24; (2) a bond order (Bo value) of about 2.87; and (3) a ""d" electron-orbital energy level (Md value) of about 2.45 eV. In addition, the oxygen concentration in the alloy is restricted to a range between 0.7 and 3.0 at.% [1]. Typical compositions meeting these requirements are: Ti-12Ta-9Nb-3V-6Zr-1.5O or Ti-20Nb-3.5Ta-3.4Zr-1.2O. The fabrication route of Gum Metal includes powder sintering technique and processing by cold rolling. Both the fabrication route and the chemical composition strongly influence the superalloy characteristics. Gum Metal is known by the following outstanding properties: ultra-low elastic modulus with very high strength, rubber-like Poisson"s ratio, superelastic nature -one digit higher in nonlinear elastic deformation (≈2.5%) when compared to other metallic materials, super-plastic nature allowing cold plastic working without hardening up to ≈90%, very low linear coefficient of thermal expansion (similar to Invar) and a constant elastic modulus in the temperature range from -200°C to +250°C (similar to Elinvar) [1][2][3][4]. The density of Gum Metal equals around 5.6 g/cc which locates it between steels and aluminium alloys. The amount of oxygen in Gum Metal significantly changes its microstructure, mechanical and thermomechanical properties [7,8,11,15]. Deformation mechanisms occurring in Gum Metal are unconventional and still unclear. First they wer...

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“…The software of the FLIR system SC7700M was used for interpretation of the registered data [24]. The reflection surface of the samples was close to the "absolutely black body" through the use of carbon blackening.…”

Section: Nanomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A specific volume, which is occupied with UFG structure, influences on the HEL and the spall strength of alloys. Research of deformation localization and fracture mechanisms of NS and UFG alloys was investigated by a combination of structure-sensitive methods [1,2,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. The high sensitivity of modern infrared (IR) thermal vision systems in combination with the opportunity of noncontact continuous temperature and strain measurements gives us important information on processes of damage and fracture.…”

Section: Nanomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured and Ultrafine-Grained Metal Alloy under Intensive Dynamic Loading

Skripnyak¹,

Skripnyak²

2017

Nanomechanics

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Researches of the last years have allowed to establish that the laws of deformation and fracture of bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) and coarse-grained (CG) materials are various both in static and in dynamic loading conditions. The influence of average grain size on the yield stress, the tensile strength, and the compression strength was established for metal alloys with a face-centered cubic (FCC), a body-centered cubic (BCC), and a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structures. The study of the microstructure of the alloys after severe plastic deformation (SPD) by the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique showed the presence of a bimodal grain size distribution in the UFG alloys. Metal alloys with a bimodal grain size distribution possess a negative strain rate sensitivity of the yield stress and higher ductility at quasi-static strain rates. In this chapter, we will discuss the regularities of deformation at high strain rates, damage, and fracture of ultrafine-grained alloys.

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Infrared thermography applied to the analysis of material behavior: a brief overview

Cited by 52 publications

References 28 publications

Characterisation of artificial defects in CFRP and GFRP sheets designed for energy applications using active thermography

Characterisation of artificial defects in CFRP and GFRP sheets designed for energy applications using active thermography

Infrared thermography applied for experimental investigation of thermomechanical couplings in Gum Metal

Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured and Ultrafine-Grained Metal Alloy under Intensive Dynamic Loading

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