Infrared Spectra of Carbohydrates

Kuhn, Leon

doi:10.1021/ac60038a015

Cited by 138 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Investigations of cellulose and its derivatives by infrared spectroscopy [51,75,87,99] have confirmed several previous conclusions about the structure of cellulose.…”

Section: Researchsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Morehead [84] has also studied similar cellulose particles. Jorgensen [71,72] has studied the differences in fine structure of natural cellulosic fibers by measuring chain-length distributions.Investigations of cellulose and its derivatives by infrared spectroscopy [51,75,87,99] have confirmed several previous conclusions about the structure of cellulose.( b ) Cellulose Solutions: Arkhipov and Kharitonova [38] ] have investigated the relation between ammonia and copper content of cuprammonium solutions and their ability to dissolve cellulose. Solution of the cellulose is believed to take place in two steps: (1) formation of a copper complex, and (2) solvation of the complex.…”

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confidence: 77%

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Review of Textile Research and Development During 1950

Steele¹,

Wakeham²,

Wakelin³

et al. 1951

Textile Research Journal

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This paper is a review of the literature published during 1950 in the field of textile science and technology. The breadth of the subject matter in pure science and in technology represented by the extensive bibliography indicates the many important fields in which the textile industry is now devoting effort and which it must follow closely if improvements in processing operations and in materials are to be translated into more useful products for the con-sumer.Papers in the field of research have been concerned with studies of the structure and properties of natural and synthetic fibers, with the chemistry of cellulose and starch, with the microbiological degradation of cellulose and wool, and with the processes of adsorption, swelling, diffusion, dyeing, and detergency. Certain general papers in the field of high polymers have been included because the techniques are important in textile research. Methods for determining molecular weight by viscometry, osmotic pressure, light scattering, and centrifugation have been reviewed. New equipments and techniques for the control of processing and laboratory equipment and for the test, identification, and examination of textile materials have been considered.In the field of development, the papers in the literature have reported on improved processes for opening and blending, carding, drafting, spinning, winding, weaving, and knitting. In wet processing attention has been given to scouring, sizing, dyeing, and printing, bleaching, and stripping. The literature on finishing includes studies of dimensional stabilization of fabrics, flame-resistance, waterproofing, resin finishes, and coating materials.II. Introduction ' The material reviewed in this paper has been selected from the scientific and technical journals published in the United States and abroad, and from certain standard abstract journals. It is believed that this review covers the important contributions in the fields of textile research and development during 1950; however, certain papers assembled at the outset have been omitted because they were considered inappropriate. The material in the text has been divided somewhat arbitrarily into the fields of research and development, and into sub-classifications of these divisions controlled principally by the published literature.The bibliography has been arranged to conform with the main divisions and their sub-classifications. The individual papers cited are numbered consecutively in the bibliography; the papers in each of the principal sections in research and development are arranged in alphabetical order by first author. The numbers in brackets in the text refer to the appropriate papers in the bibliography. III. Review Papers of General InterestThe general literature on textiles during the past year includes the publication of many books and scientific papers which are not concerned with particular materials or processes but deal in a broad way with the textile field. These publications treat such subjects as the general progress in research and develop...

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“…Investigations of cellulose and its derivatives by infrared spectroscopy [51,75,87,99] have confirmed several previous conclusions about the structure of cellulose.…”

Section: Researchsupporting

confidence: 78%

supporting

confidence: 77%

Review of Textile Research and Development During 1950

Steele¹,

Wakeham²,

Wakelin³

et al. 1951

Textile Research Journal

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“…The absorption bands include 3,340 1/cm O-H stretching, the stretching bands of the amide and ester C=O groups at approximately 1,637 and 1,100 1/cm as well as N-H and C-N-H vibrations at around 1,637 and 600 1/cm, respectively. Based on the characteristics have already been evident from FTIR spectra of carbohydrates, the wide picks denote high hydroxyl and amine functional groups' frequencies in their structures (Kačuráková and Wilson 2001;Kuhn 1950). Overall, detection of carbohydrate and lipid compounds, the high repetition of O-H and C=O as well as amine functional groups present in the FTIR spectrum and protein absence in the BS samples infer that the BS produced by strain DI probably belongs to glycolipids category.…”

Section: Biosurfactant Purification and Biochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 83%

Bioemulsification activity assessment of an indigenous strain of halotolerant Planococcus and partial characterization of produced biosurfactants

Ebrahimipour

Gilavand

Karkhane

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Halotolerant bacteria are regarded as effective oil-scavengers in the polluted saltern and seawater. In this regard, a halotolerant Planococcus was isolated from oilcontaminated area of Dezful north springs, Iran, due to its capacity in biosurfactant (BS) production. To facilitate hydrocarbons degradation, in the current study, the efficiency of BS production as function of growth rate of the halotolerant Planococcus was investigated in the vicinity of heavy crude oil by emulsification index (E24). Subsequently, the BS characterization was made by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography (GC) and infrared spectra analysis, and the stability was determined by E24 value measurement over a certain pH (5-9), temperature (20-100°C) and salt concentration (0-10 % w/v) ranges. The BS production was found to be growth-associated. Detection of a unique band on TLC and GC chromatogram showed the extensive refining capacity of the BS purification, using the medium supernatant under acetone alkaline precipitation followed by oil dissolution from the sediment by carbon tetrachloride. Accordingly, it was clarified that the BS ultimately accumulated outside the cells. The glycolipid quality of the BS was further determined by the routine chemical characterization on TLC and by IR spectra analysis. Moreover, there was no protein detected by lowery total protein assay. Finally, the optimal temperature, pH and NaCl concentration to reach highest E24 values (85.7, 77.0, and 79.0 %) were found at respective 40°C, pH = 9 and 0 % w/v. Our results revealed the practically potential of strain Dezful Isolate for BS large-scale production as environmentally friendly oil-eliminating agents.

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“…Absorbance of individual bands of these spectra are corrected for background absorbance determined at a wavelength at which the samples do not absorb radiation (1900 cm-l) (17 self-agglomeration process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of wood constituents during the self-agglomeration of an oak sawdust. II. Infrared study of two lignins

Naveau¹

1968

Can. J. Chem.

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Structural changes in lignins isolated from particle-boards are studied by infrared spectrophotometry, in relation to an endothermic trend which characterizes the self-agglomeration process.Changes in intensity of various infrared bands are reported and are attributed to the following: (a) variation in the nature and distribution of substituents of the aromatic ring and conjugation of the aromatic ring with carbonyl C=O or C=C, which indicate an increasing state of condensation of the lignin, (b) simultaneous division of the macromolecule of lignin, partially caused by breakage of ether linkages between its lateral chains, (c) cleavage of bonds between lignin and carbohydrate material, and (d) insolubilization, with the acid lignin, of an increasing amount of carbohydrate material which is also increasingly condensed.The origin of the endothermic trend cannot be explained in terms of these reactions of lignin.Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 46, 1893 (1968) Introduction The self-agglomeration of woody material to form particle-board can be realized under certain conditions of pressure, temperature, and moisture content (1). A strong endothermic trend accompanies this process and its appearance and development characterize the properties of the resultant product.In an earlier paper (2), the chemical alterations of wood constituents of oak sawdust (Quercus pedunculata Ehrh.) during such self-agglomeration were reported. This paper is a continuation of that work and is concerned with the study by infrared (i.r.) spectrophotometry of structural changes in lignin during this process.

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Infrared Spectra of Carbohydrates

Cited by 138 publications

References 1 publication

Review of Textile Research and Development During 1950

Review of Textile Research and Development During 1950

Bioemulsification activity assessment of an indigenous strain of halotolerant Planococcus and partial characterization of produced biosurfactants

Degradation of wood constituents during the self-agglomeration of an oak sawdust. II. Infrared study of two lignins

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