Infrared ear thermometry compared with rectal thermometry in children: a systematic review

Craig, Jean; Lancaster, Gillian; Taylor, Stephen; Williamson, Paula; Smyth, Rosalind L

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09783-0

Cited by 216 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…During the course of this study we came across some practical limitations, most of which had previously been reported, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] including the inherent limitations and variations in individual thermometry that are difficult to reconcile, particularly individual techniques of measurement coupled with the environmental influence on body temperature. Moreover, it was cumbersome maintaining a thermometer appropriately in the axilla of very young children, who were also startled with infrared tympanic probes, 28 and older children resented the rectal method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fever in African Children: Implication for Malaria Trials

Oyakhirome

Profanter²,

Kremsner³

2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fever in African Children: Implication for Malaria Trials

Oyakhirome

Profanter²,

Kremsner³

2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…However, one review stated that precision was insufficient if the temperature measured by IRT was compared to rectal thermometry. 13 In adult perioperative patients, however, core temperature changes more rapidly so that the rectal temperature does not reflect the values measured by a pulmonary artery catheter. Due to its invasiveness, the pulmonary catheter is not indicated in the majority of surgical patients, so there is a clear need for a non-invasive thermometry method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

La précision ďun nouveau thermomètre auriculaire infrarouge chez des patients de cardiochirurgie

Böck

Hohlfeld

Engeln

et al. 2005

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose:To evaluate the equivalency of the prototype of a new infrared ear thermometer (IRT 4000) in comparison to the temperature measurements of a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) and a continual contact probe on the tympanic membrane. Methods:After approval by the local Ethics Committee, 26 (six female and 20 male) patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery were included in a single center open trial. During surgery, temperature measurements were recorded with the IRT 4000 in the left ear, and with a tympanic contact probe in the right ear, as well as with a PAC as reference. Measurements with the infrared ear thermometers and continual PAC values were recorded every six minutes. Results:The average temperature measured with the IRT 4000 was 0.08°C above the temperature of the PAC (95% confidence interval from -0.44-0.61°C). Conclusion:Infrared ear thermometers 4000 temperature readings accurately reflect body core temperature and correlate well with the invasive PAC. Infrared ear thermometers may present a clinically useful alternative to the pulmonary artery thermometry for the measurement of core temperature in the perioperative setting or in the intensive care unit. P ERIOPERATIVE hypothermia is associated with numerous complications such as surgical wound infections, 1 increased bleeding and transfusion requirements, 2 morbid cardiac events 3 and increased costs of the perioperative management. 4 Therefore, monitoring of body temperature is regarded as essential during anesthesia. 5 Pulmonary artery thermometry reflects the temperature of the blood which supplies the vital organs and is often regarded as the "gold standard" for the measurement of core body temperature. 6 However, it is generally accepted that none of the current thermometry methods is ideal, and the best anatomical measurement site alternative to the pulmonary artery has yet to be determined. ObjectifTemperature measured on the tympanic membrane correlates well with the temperature of the hypothala-CARDIOTHORACIC ANESTHESIA, RESPIRATION AND AIRWAY

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“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] Nevertheless, it is still the rule rather than the exception to adjust and compare different sites, often based on the as-sumption that the rectal site is the most reliable and accurate site for body temperature measurement. [16][17][18] This paper focuses on repeated simultaneously measured rectal and ear body temperature in febrile patients, in order to highlight and discuss the consequences of this practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever or not fever – that’s the question: A cohort study of simultaneously measured rectal and ear temperatures in febrile patients with suspected infection

Sund‐Levander

Tingström

2017

CNS

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Objective: To study how ear and rectal body temperatures relate to each other over time in febrile patients. Methods: Descriptive cohort study with repeated measurements. The setting was a Unit for Infectious Diseases at a county hospital in Sweden. Patients, ≥ 18 years, admitted for suspected infection and with a rectal or ear temperature of ≥ 37.5• C were invited. 16 females and 24 men, 19 to 94 years were included. Ear and rectal temperature was measured simultaneously every two hours for one day.Results: Mean rectal temperature was higher, compared to both ear sites. Ninety-five percent of the differences between the rectal and ear sites were within 0.6 • C to 1.1 • C. Changes in rectal temperature were smaller and slower than in ear temperature, especially when patients were given temperature-lowering drugs. Conclusions: Adjustments from one temperature site to another is a risk of diagnostic error affecting clinical decision-making. Ear temperature reacts faster than the rectal site to body temperature changes and antipyretics, and is therefore more reliable in the assessment of the patient's condition. Traditional paradigm for temperature measurement and assessment needs to be replaced with evidence-based science to improve patient safety.

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Infrared ear thermometry compared with rectal thermometry in children: a systematic review

Cited by 216 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of Fever in African Children: Implication for Malaria Trials

Assessment of Fever in African Children: Implication for Malaria Trials

La précision ďun nouveau thermomètre auriculaire infrarouge chez des patients de cardiochirurgie

Fever or not fever – that’s the question: A cohort study of simultaneously measured rectal and ear temperatures in febrile patients with suspected infection

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