Infrared characterization and high heat flux testing of plasma sprayed layers

Chappuis, P.; Escourbiac, F.; Chantant, M.; Febvre, M; Grattarola, M.; Bet, M.; Merola, M.; Riccardi, B.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3115(00)00246-4

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The thickness of the tungsten coating was 1 mm. Such a thick tungsten coating on the fine-grained graphite was successfully produced by the plasma splay (PS) and the VPS techniques, and several heat load tests have been conducted [23][24][25]. It was reported that the thermal conductivity of the tungsten layers fabricated by the PS and VPS techniques is considerably lower than that of pure W, and it is also strongly dependent on the fabrication process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sub-ms laser pulse irradiation on tungsten target damaged by exposure to helium plasma

et al. 2007

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The effects of a transient heat load on tungsten damaged by helium plasma irradiation have been investigated using a ruby laser with long pulse duration in the divertor simulator NAGDIS-II (Takamura et al 2002 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 11 A42). The pulse width of the ruby laser was ∼0.6 ms, which is close to that of the expected heat load accompanied by type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) in ITER operation. Helium holes/bubbles, which were formed in the surface region of powder metallurgy tungsten due to the exposure to the helium plasma, disappeared after the laser pulse irradiation to the tungsten surface with sufficient pulse energy. The results indicated that the transient heat loads similar to those expected by ELMs will mitigate damages such as bubbles and holes produced by helium irradiation. When a vacuum plasma sprayed tungsten coating on graphite was exposed to the helium plasma, the surface was covered with arborescent nanostructured tungsten containing many helium bubbles inside the structure. Melting traces were found on the surface after the laser pulses irradiated the surface even though the pulse energy was lower than that for melting bulk tungsten. A numerical temperature calculation of the sample suggested that the effective thermal conductivity near the surface dramatically decreased by several orders of magnitude due to the formation of nanostructured tungsten.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For heat capacity and density, the data in [28] including temperature dependence and ρ = 19 000 kg m −3 were used for the calculation. For thermal conductivity of VPS-W, we used 1/3 of normal W for the calculation [24,25]. The effect of the radiation from the surface is taken into account using the radiation emissivity of 0.3.…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-ms laser pulse irradiation on tungsten target damaged by exposure to helium plasma

et al. 2007

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“…The plasma facing materials (PFM) will face plasma directly in fusion devices, which will affect the stability of the plasma, and the same time, they will be subjected to very high-flux heat loads and intense particle bombardment. The mean heat fluxes is in the range of 1-10MW/m2 for the convective part, and up to 20MW/m2 for some off-normal events on localized and divertor areas [1]. Under these severe environmental, the PFM usually are composed of an actively cooled heat sink covered by a high or low Z plasma facing materials (PFMs) depending on the design, which can withstand erosion and high temperatures on the PFMS side and remove big quantities of heat on the heat sink side.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Evaluation of Plasma-Sprayed Functionally Gradient W/Cu Coatings as Plasma Facing Materials in Fusion Devices

Song

Zhou

Wei

et al. 2008

KEM

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Tungsten has been decided as the plasma facing material (PFM) for some high heat flux regions of the divertor in the International Thermo-Nuclear Experimental Reactors (ITER). In this paper, our efforts concentrated on the functionally gradient W/Cu coating fabricated on the oxygen free copper by atmosphere plasma spraying under the inert gases protection. The functionally gradient W/Cu coatings were designed to relieve the thermal stress during the spraying processes. For comparison, the tungsten coatings were also deposited directly onto the copper substrates by the same technology. XRD, SEM and EDS were applied to identify the phases, morphologies and compositions of these coatings. Tensile tests were performed to measure the bonding strength between the coatings and the substrates. Furthermore, water quenching and high heat loading experiments using a pulse laser beam were also carried out to estimate the thermal shock properties of these coatings.

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Thermal Spray Coatings for Fusion Applications—Review

2007

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Thermonuclear fusion is a potential source of cleaner and safer energy for the future. Its technological realization depends on the development of materials able to survive and function in extreme conditions. This article reviews the applications of thermally sprayed coatings for fusion reactor materials. First, the principle and purpose of fusion is briefly introduced, and technological objectives are mentioned. Material-environment interactions are summarized, together with materials requirements and the role of coatings. Then, specific applications-e.g., the plasma facing components-are reviewed, focusing on application issues as well as issues related to thermal spray processing and specific properties of the respective materials. An overview of specific materials testing methods is also provided.

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Infrared characterization and high heat flux testing of plasma sprayed layers

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Sub-ms laser pulse irradiation on tungsten target damaged by exposure to helium plasma

Sub-ms laser pulse irradiation on tungsten target damaged by exposure to helium plasma

Fabrication and Evaluation of Plasma-Sprayed Functionally Gradient W/Cu Coatings as Plasma Facing Materials in Fusion Devices

Thermal Spray Coatings for Fusion Applications—Review

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