“…It can be seen in the Raman spectrum that the major bands are at 259, 312, 472 and 640 cm −1 which are assigned to the tetragonal phase of ZrO 2 [15][16][17] for the ZrO 2 -a catalyst. While [18,19], the pH values of precipitation in the synthesis [14,20], the grain size of the tetragonal powder [21,22] etc., and it has been found that zirconia changes from tetrogonal to monoclinic phase with calcination temperature elevated and the phase transition takes place initially at the surface regions [15] and the phase change from tetrogonal to monoclinic is significantly prevented by the incorporation of Y, La, K, Na [23,24] etc. On the basis of the results reported in the literature, we supposed that the difference of the surface phase of ZrO 2 -a and ZrO 2 -b in this study probably resulted from the Na incorporated into zirconia, which retarded the phase change of tetragonal to monoclinic ZrO 2 during calcination.…”