Infra red spectroscopy, flash pyrolysis, thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM) in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) of cultured and sediment-derived Lingulodinium polyedrum (Dinoflagellata) cyst walls

Versteegh, Gerard J.M.; Blokker, Peter; Bogus, Kara; Harding, Ian C.; Lewis, Jane; Oltmanns, Sven; Rochon, André; Zonneveld, Karin A F

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.10.007

Cited by 59 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The cysts of Lingulodinium polyedrum seem to be composed of ether bond-rich, but CH 2 /CH 3 -poor aliphatic polymer rather than cross-linked carbohydrates (Zonneveld et al, 2008;Versteegh et al, 2012). In Scrippsiella ramonii the cyst walls are composed of aromatic and aliphatic moieties but lacking isoprenoid moieties (de Leeuw et al, 2006).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical thermal maturity parameters and organic geochemical alteration at low grade diagenesis to anchimetamorphism: A review

Hartkopf‐Fröder

Königshof

Littke

et al. 2015

International Journal of Coal Geology

156

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical thermal maturity parameters and organic geochemical alteration at low grade diagenesis to anchimetamorphism: A review

Hartkopf‐Fröder

Königshof

Littke

et al. 2015

International Journal of Coal Geology

156

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“…Dinoflagellate cysts are, in general, relatively resistant to degradation due to the structure of the cyst wall (e.g., Kokinos et al, 1998;Gélinas et al, 2001;de Leeuw et al, 2006;Zonneveld et al, 2008;Versteegh et al, 2012). However, it is known from laboratory (e.g., Dale, 1976;Hopkins and McCarthy, 2002) and field experiments (e.g., as well as sediments (e.g., Zonneveld et al, 1997;McCarthy et al, 2000) that P-cysts are more quickly oxidized relative to the G-cysts.…”

Section: G/p Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of meter-scale lateral oxygen gradients at the sediment-water interface on selected organic matter based alteration, productivity and temperature proxies

et al. 2012

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Abstract.A valid assessment of selective aerobic degradation on organic matter (OM) and its impact on OM-based proxies is vital to produce accurate environmental reconstructions. However, most studies investigating these effects suffer from inherent environmental heterogeneities. In this study, we used surface samples collected along two meterscale transects and one longer transect in the northeastern Arabian Sea to constrain initial OM heterogeneity, in order to evaluate selective aerobic degradation on temperature, productivity and alteration indices at the sediment-water interface. All of the studied alteration indices, the higher plant alkane index, alcohol preservation index, and diol oxidation index, demonstrated that they are sensitive indicators for changes in the oxygen regime. Several export production indices, a cholesterol-based stanol/stenol index and dinoflagellate lipid-and cyst-based ratios, showed significant (more than 20 %) change only over the lateral oxygen gradients. Therefore, these compounds do not exclusively reflect surface water productivity, but are significantly altered after deposition. Two of the proxies, glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether-based TEX 86 sea surface temperature indices and indices based on phytol, phytane and pristane, did not show any trends related to oxygen. Nevertheless, unrealistic sea surface temperatures were obtained after application of the TEX 86 , TEX L 86 , and TEX H 86 proxies. The phytol-based ratios were likely affected by the sedimentary production of pristane. Our results demonstrate the selective impact of aerobic organic matter degradation on the lipid and palynomorph composition of surface sediments along a short lateral oxygen gradient and suggest that some of the investigated proxies may be useful tracers of changing redox conditions at the sediment-water interface.

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“…However, an autochthonous origin of the aromatic portion of the macromolecular OM is also likely. Aromatic subunits are occasionally reported from biomacromolecules of marine alga, such as Chlorella (Derenne et al, 1996), dinoflagellate resting cysts (Kokinos et al, 1998; although recently questioned by Versteegh et al, 2012), and acritarchs Marshall et al, 2005). All these groups were recorded from Wunstorf (Prauss, 2006) and are good candidates for an input of aromatic units into the kerogen matrix.…”

Section: Sources For Organic Matter During Bs Deposition In the Oae 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imbalanced nutrients as triggers for black shale formation in a shallow shelf setting during the OAE 2 (Wunstorf, Germany)

Blumenberg¹,

Wiese²

2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. During the oceanic anoxic event 2 (OAE 2) in the Mid-Cretaceous Period, widespread black shale (BS) formation occurred, reflecting perturbations in major biogeochemical cycles. Here we present geochemical and biomarker data of the OAE 2 from a shelf setting situated at about 100-150 m water depth (Wunstorf, Germany). Our data support that processes inducing BS deposition were related to orbital cyclicity in Wunstorf and that they were not restricted to the time of the OAE 2 carbon isotope excursion. Correlations of total organic carbon (TOC) and δ 15 N and high relative abundances of functionalized hopanoids (including 2-methylated structures) suggest that BS were formed during times of imbalanced nutrients with high phosphorus inputs and increased cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation. Periods of BS formation were also characterized by enhanced growth of dinoflagellates and bacteriovorous ciliates, the latter supporting the presence of a stratified water body. The lack of biomarkers specific for green sulfur bacteria excludes photic zone euxinia during OAE 2 in Wunstorf. Conflicting maturities and biomarker distributions in kerogen and extractable organic matter and, interestingly, a negative correlation of the diagenetically resistant 2-methyl hopane hydrocarbons with TOC indicate a complex depositional setting at Wunstorf. This might have been induced by high continental runoff during BS formation and the accompanying mobilisation of refractory OM from the shelves and near shore areas.

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Infra red spectroscopy, flash pyrolysis, thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM) in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) of cultured and sediment-derived Lingulodinium polyedrum (Dinoflagellata) cyst walls

Cited by 59 publications

References 46 publications

Optical thermal maturity parameters and organic geochemical alteration at low grade diagenesis to anchimetamorphism: A review

Optical thermal maturity parameters and organic geochemical alteration at low grade diagenesis to anchimetamorphism: A review

The effect of meter-scale lateral oxygen gradients at the sediment-water interface on selected organic matter based alteration, productivity and temperature proxies

Imbalanced nutrients as triggers for black shale formation in a shallow shelf setting during the OAE 2 (Wunstorf, Germany)

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