Informers. Policing, Policy, Practice (Kinzig)

Bean, Philip; Billingsley, Roger; Nemitz, Teresa

doi:10.1515/mks-2001-0044

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Besides (co-)offenders themselves, there may be informers who participate in the same criminal market as the offender and who are willing to provide information, out of envy, revenge, or simply because they want to eliminate a competitor (Billingsley et al, 2001;Van Duyne et al, 2001: 150).…”

Section: Offenders Co-offenders and Witnesses: Vigilance And Willingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining attrition: Investigating and confiscating the profits of organized crime

Kruisbergen

Kleemans²,

Kouwenberg

2016

European Journal of Criminology

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In this article, we provide insight into a common but scarcely researched problem in the process of confiscating criminal earnings: attrition, that is, the gap between estimated criminal profits on the one hand and the actually recovered amount of money on the other. We investigate the practice and results of financial investigation and asset recovery in organized crime cases in the Netherlands by using empirical data from the Dutch Organized Crime Monitor, confiscation order court files, and the Central Fine Collection Agency. The data shed light on financial investigation in practice and give a complete picture of the confiscation order court procedures as well as the execution of those orders for 102 convicted offenders – from public prosecutors’ claims and rulings of the initial, appeal and the Supreme Court, to what offenders actually pay. The phenomenon of attrition can be explained by several factors, but an important factor turns out to be how ‘criminal profit’ is defined (determined) in law and practice.

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Section: Offenders Co-offenders and Witnesses: Vigilance And Willingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining attrition: Investigating and confiscating the profits of organized crime

Kruisbergen

Kleemans²,

Kouwenberg

2016

European Journal of Criminology

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“…Opportunities to inform officials about crime have undoubtedly burgeoned with increased utilization of electronic technologies in investigation and surveillance. Toll-free telephone and text numbers, electronic mail, and even public fax machines are widely available for citizens to turn in drug dealers, wildlife poachers, suspected burglars, and even those who litter often for a reward (Blackmore, 2014 working" or "taking care of" informants, secret source use involves a triple approach of improvement, administration, and assurance (Billingsley et al, 2001).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Police Relations and Informant Identity Protection: Evidence from Some Selected Communities in the Brong-Ahafo Region, Ghana

Azumah¹,

Nyarko²,

Krampah³

et al. 2019

CUS

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For effective crime control, the roles of informants are critical. The police and community members' relation is needed for the police continuous reliance on informants' information on crime. This has been the principle for fighting crime in many parts of the developed countries in the World. The study sought to examine the relations between community and police in providing protection for informants in crime investigation within communities (Tepa and Hwediem) in Brong-Ahafo Region, placing much emphasis on the relationship between community members and police in providing information for combating crime, the effectiveness of informants' information in fighting crime and measures that could improve the relationship between community members and police in protecting informants. Social survey design was adopted. Cluster sampling and simple random were used to select 400 respondents (community members and police). Quantitative approach was adopted. The study found that informants were relatively fewer in the community. The study found that respondents who reported criminal cases to the police indicated that their act was very important in fighting crime. It was concluded that a good relationship between community members and police was needed to protect informants. The results showed that majority of the respondents strongly agreed informants' identities should not be revealed to suspects. The researchers recommended that since effective communication is fundamental to positive police-community relationships, the Government and Ghana Police Service (GPS) should seek to provide its officers with an understanding of language diversity. The researchers then again recommended that officers of the GPS should be provided with an in-service training by the Government and GPS to improve community policing and trust building.

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“…measured in over-time pay) as against the value of making high-profile cases or achieving other markers of success. Sufficiently oriented to specialist investigative functions regarded as essential to the police métier, these high status units exhibit a relatively high degree of discretionary activity (Manning 1980(Manning , 1997Hobbs 1988;Marx and Fijnaut 1995;Billingsley et al 2001). This self-tasking and specialisation is at odds with some theories of intelligence-led policing which stress centralisation of strategic intelligence for the purposes of tasking and co-ordination (James 2013).…”

Section: Seven Foci Of Police Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes mobile surveillance teams, electronic and cyber surveillance, informant handling and covert police operations. There is a significant overlap with the intelligence acquisition work of some special squads (Dunnighan and Norris 1999;Billingsley et al 2001;James 2013;Manning 2016). In new and innovative areas of police workfor example, with regard to sexual offences with an 'on-line' or 'cyber' element, human trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation, or counter-terrorism and political crimesometimes intelligence bureaus have taken responsibility, preempting the formation of new special squads or absorbing existing ones.…”

Section: Seven Foci Of Police Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

The police intelligence division-of-labour

Sheptycki

2017

Policing and Society

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This article describes the police intelligence division-of-labour. It is argued that police organisation gains overall coherence in relation to the 'police métier'; a rationale that allows protagonists in the police world to make sense of an irrational workplace structure where personal loyalty, trust and honour (not formal organisational logic) form the basis of action and compliance. The concept of the police métier is defined in terms of the police professional concern with the mastery of surveillance and coercion in the reproduction of order, the making of crime and the governance of insecurity, and it is the polestar of the police mindset. The article describes the police intelligence division-of-labour paying specific attention to four different aspects of intelligence activity: the acquisition of intelligence or information; the analysis of information in the production of intelligence; tasking and coordination on the basis of intelligence 'product'; or being tasked on that same basis. The descriptive analysis presented here is useful in several respects. Firstly it provides a basis for the comparative study of police intelligence work and its configuration within broader processes of security governance. Secondly, it provides a prototypical organisational map useful understanding the orientation of particular unitsthe organisational elements of policework (e.g. of drug squads, primary response, public order and homicide investigation units)within the broader police division-of-labour. Lastly, it provides a complex view of issues concerning democratic governance of 'the police' as they are configured as nodes within broader networks of security governance.

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Informers. Policing, Policy, Practice (Kinzig)

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Explaining attrition: Investigating and confiscating the profits of organized crime

Explaining attrition: Investigating and confiscating the profits of organized crime

Community-Police Relations and Informant Identity Protection: Evidence from Some Selected Communities in the Brong-Ahafo Region, Ghana

The police intelligence division-of-labour

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