Information theory applied to chromatographic fingerprint of herbal medicine for quality control

Gong, Fan; Liang, Yi‐Zeng; Xie, Peng; Chau, Foo‐Tim

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(03)00648-4

Cited by 217 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the analytical variability of the retention times and the detector response make this approach problematic. Sophisticated mathematical models have been used to address these problems [23][24][25][26]. Unfortunately, these models have limited applicability.…”

Section: Pca Analysis Of Chromatographic Fingerprintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis for evaluation of Ginkgo biloba products

2007

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The flavonoids and the terpene lactones are regarded as the two main active components of Ginkgo biloba that affect human health. In the work discussed in this paper, two analytical methods for the characterization of G. biloba authentic materials and commercial products, an LC-UV chromatographic fingerprinting method and a traditional flavonol quantification method, were compared. The traditional method was used to determine the total flavonol content (as glycosides) after acid hydrolysis. The fingerprinting method examined the chromatographic profiles of methanol-water extracts using chemometric methods. The traditional method showed that all the commercial products met the current voluntary standard of 24% flavonols by weight. The chromatographic fingerprinting method revealed significant variations in the commercial products with regard to the relative concentration of individual flavonols.

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Section: Pca Analysis Of Chromatographic Fingerprintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis for evaluation of Ginkgo biloba products

2007

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“…According to information theory [173], the information content of a continuous signal might be simply expressed as the following formula:…”

Section: Information Contents Of Fingerprints Of Herbal Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this idea, we proposed recently a simple method [173] to calculate the information content (Φ) for chromatographic fingerprints of herbal medicines as shown in the following equation, that is…”

Section: Information Contents Of Fingerprints Of Herbal Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the theoretic background of the method is simple and reasonable. For more details, the readers can consult the reference [173].…”

Section: Information Contents Of Fingerprints Of Herbal Medicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, correction of retention time shift of the fingerprint of herbal medicines should be taken into consideration first, since some types of variation sources are inevitably encountered from one chromatogram to another [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182]. Under this situation, some unacceptable results, one of which is imposed by the retention time shifts, will be produced.…”

Section: Correction Of Retention Time Shift Of Fingerprints Of Herbalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quality control of herbal medicines

Liang

Xie²,

Chan

2004

Journal of Chromatography B

Self Cite

324

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Different chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques commonly used in the instrumental inspection of herbal medicines (HM) are first comprehensively reviewed. Chemical fingerprints obtained by chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques, especially by hyphenated chromatographies, are strongly recommended for the purpose of quality control of herbal medicines, since they might represent appropriately the "chemical integrities" of the herbal medicines and therefore be used for authentication and identification of the herbal products. Based on the conception of phytoequivalence, the chromatographic fingerprints of herbal medicines could be utilized for addressing the problem of quality control of herbal medicines. Several novel chemometric methods for evaluating the fingerprints of herbal products, such as the method based on information theory, similarity estimation, chemical pattern recognition, spectral correlative chromatogram (SCC), multivariate resolution, etc. are discussed in detail with examples, which showed that the combination of chromatographic fingerprints of herbal medicines and the chemometric evaluation might be a powerful tool for quality control of herbal products.

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Quality Assessment of Herbal Drugs and Medicinal Plant Products

Ahmad

Khan

Cameotra

2014

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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The herbal drugs and medicinal plant products have been widely used for thousands of years in many parts of the world. Medicinal plants constitute a source of raw material for both traditional and modern systems of medicine. In recent few decades, growth and popularity of herbal medicine and plant products have taken a significant share of the healthcare. Various systems of traditional medicines have been recognized in many countries such as India, Japan, Korea, China, USA, and some European countries. Each country has its own set of guidelines to assess the quality control of the herbal medicine depending on the system they adapt to prepare herbal medicine. The importance of quality control and standardization of botanical products is of utmost concern for global acceptability of these drugs in the modern system of medicine. These assessments are needed at different levels of drug‐manufacturing processes and post‐manufacturing stages. As herbal medicinal products are complex mixtures that originate from biological sources, great efforts are necessary to guarantee a constant and adequate quality. The morphological and microscopic identifications are utilized to determine the authenticity of herbal medicines, and the physical and chemical characters are used to evaluate the quality of herbs in the existing quality standards. The fingerprint analyses have been internationally accepted as one of the efficient methods to control the quality of herbal medicines. In addition to fingerprinting, other parameters such as microbiological and chemical contaminations, adulterants, and toxicity including genotoxicity are to be assessed. In this chapter, the current scenario of the quality control assessment of herbal medicine and medicinal plant products is reviewed. Botanical parameters such as sensory or organoleptic evaluation, histological observations and measurements are discussed. An overview covering various techniques employed in quantitative characterization of herbal medicines such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy is reported. Potential of metabolomics in the developments of improved phytotherapeutic agents, and DNA‐based molecular markers in adulterants, is described. Pharmacological and toxicological parameters such as pesticide residue, heavy metals, aflatoxins, and microbial and radioactive contaminations are also addressed.

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Information theory applied to chromatographic fingerprint of herbal medicine for quality control

Cited by 217 publications

References 33 publications

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis for evaluation of Ginkgo biloba products

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis for evaluation of Ginkgo biloba products

Quality control of herbal medicines

Quality Assessment of Herbal Drugs and Medicinal Plant Products

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